{"id":218558,"date":"2021-02-03T20:06:09","date_gmt":"2021-02-03T12:06:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/?p=218558"},"modified":"2021-02-03T20:09:37","modified_gmt":"2021-02-03T12:09:37","slug":"sos-childrens-village-in-djibouti-by-urko-sanchez-architects","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/sos-childrens-village-in-djibouti-by-urko-sanchez-architects.html","title":{"rendered":"SOS Children’s Village in Djibouti by Urko Sanchez Architects"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u672c\u6587\u7531 Urko Sanchez Architects \u6388\u6743mooool\u53d1\u8868\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u4ee5mooool\u7f16\u8f91\u7248\u672c\u8f6c\u8f7d\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong>
\n Thanks Urko Sanchez Architects for authorizing the publication of the project on mooool, Text description provided by Urko Sanchez Architects.<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Urko Sanchez Architects<\/strong><\/a>\uff1a\u5728SOS\u513f\u7ae5\u6751\u4e0e\u6211\u65b9\u63a5\u6d3d\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8868\u793a\u5e0c\u671b\u4e3a\u5176\u201c\u5bb6\u5ead\u5f3a\u5316\u201d\u8ba1\u5212\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u542b\u670915\u6240\u513f\u7ae5\u4e4b\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u9662\u3002SOS\u513f\u7ae5\u6751\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u9645\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u7167\u987e\u5173\u6000\u5b64\u513f\u6216\u9700\u8981\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\u513f\u7ae5\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u4e88\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b69\u5b50\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c38\u4e45\u7684\u5bb6\u3002\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u9009\u5740\u5728\u975e\u6d32\u4e4b\u89d2\u5409\u5e03\u63d0\u6d77\u5cb8\u7684\u5854\u6731\u62c9\u6e7e(Tadjourah) \uff0c\u79bb\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u70ed\u5730\u533a\u4e0d\u8fdc\uff0c\u5f53\u5730\u708e\u70ed\u5e72\u71e5\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u5c06\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8003\u8651\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

Urko Sanchez Architects<\/strong><\/a>: We were approached by SOS Kinderdorf for a compound of 15 houses for children, to run their family-strengthening programmes, as they are an international NGO committed to caring for children, orphaned or in need, and to provide them with a permanent home and family. The project was to take place in Tadjourah, on the coast of Djibouti, in the horn of Africa, not far from where the hottest temperature ever was recorded. This very hot and dry climate will be a determining aspect in our design solution.<\/p>\n

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\u25bc\u5409\u5e03\u63d0SOS\u513f\u7ae5\u6751 <\/strong>SOS Children’s Village in Djibouti<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e0e\u975e\u6d32\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5409\u5e03\u63d0\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5efa\u7b51\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6cd5\u89c4\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f80\u5f80\u4f7f\u5f00\u53d1\u5546\u5efa\u9020\u4f4e\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u77ed\u79df\u5f0f\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5f53\u5730\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u843d\u540e\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7f3a\u5c11\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u7684\u5927\u9662\u4fbf\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u60f3\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n

On the other hand, and as in many other places in Africa, there is a lack of regulations of constructions, which often leaves developers the freedom to build low quality, short-term rentable architectures, often leaving sustainability behind. For us, this freedom comes with great responsibility and it was the ideal context to design a high quality, low budget compound.<\/p>\n

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\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6848 Design Scheme<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u5bf9\u573a\u5730\u73af\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e3b\u8981\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u4ee5\u9ea6\u5730\u90a3\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b66\u6765\u5f00\u5c55\u8bbe\u8ba1 (Medina-based)\u3002<\/p>\n

After extensive research on the place, we came to a few principal points and opted for a medina-based typology.<\/p>\n

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\u793e\u533a\u548c\u4f20\u7edf Community and Traditions<\/strong><\/p>\n

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As traditionally nomads in the desert, the local residents\u2019 relationship with open space is essential and many activities take place there. Going against the contemporary flow of minimal open space, we made sure every house had one that was private enough for it to become an integral part of the home and of everyday life. Moreover, and much like a traditional medina, the houses all look inwards: the compound is a walled quarter, providing intimacy, and a sense of community and security, well-adapted to the social and environmental context.<\/p>\n

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\u901a\u98ce\u548c\u70ed\u8212\u9002\u6027 Ventilation and Thermal Comfort<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u708e\u70ed\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u9ea6\u5730\u90a3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b66\u3002\u5176\u5178\u578b\u7684\u72ed\u7a84\u8857\u9053\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u671d\u5411\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u6709\u6548\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u901a\u98ce\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u5c31\u7b97\u5728\u6781\u7aef\u6c14\u5019\u4e0b\u4e5f\u6709\u5b9c\u5c45\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u901a\u98ce\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u5c0f\u5df7\u7684\u671d\u5411\u3001\u201c\u901a\u98ce\u5eca\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u623f\u5c4b\u8868\u9762\u7684\u5f00\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u5173\u952e\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5f53\u7a7a\u6c14\u65e0\u6cd5\u81ea\u7531\u6d41\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u9ad8\u5927\u7684\u901a\u98ce\u4e95\u5c06\u98ce\u201c\u6355\u6349\u201d\u5f15\u5165\u5ba4\u5185\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u6301\u5ba4\u5185\u7a7a\u6c14\u7684\u6e05\u65b0\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u901a\u98ce\u4e95\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6355\u98ce\u5854\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5176\u6548\u679c\u663e\u8457\u3002<\/p>\n

It is a traditional typology in hot climates. Its typical narrow streets and optimal orientations are a great solution for passive and effective ventilation, to render the extreme climate habitable. We conducted a very detailedstudy for an optimal natural ventilation: by the orientation of alleys, the \u201cventilation corridors\u201d, and by the openings, big or small, in the surfaces of the houses. In critical points, and when it wasn\u2019t possible to have a free flow of air, we created tall ventilation shafts, which we called \u201cwind catcher towers\u201d:\u00a0 they \u201ccatch\u201d the wind and direct it into the room, hence keeping a refreshing air flow in the interior spaces. It was experimental and turned out quite efficient.<\/p>\n

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\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\u906e\u9633\u548c\u4ea4\u53c9\u901a\u98ce\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8425\u9020\u5c0f\u6c14\u5019\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u623f\u5c4b\u867d\u9075\u5faa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5145\u5206\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u623f\u5c4b\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u53e0\u52a0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c4b\u9876\u5373\u4e3a\u9732\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n

To optimize sun shading and cross-ventilation, both essential to make the climate viable, the houses follow the same scheme but are placed in relation to one another in a well-studied manner, sometimes becoming two superimposed houses, where roofs are terraces.<\/p>\n

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So typical of medinas, these optimal distancesare also a tool for keeping the privacy of each house: they participate in the clear definition between public and private spaces, which encourages residents to use the outdoors. Through a layout with optimal distances between houses, each open space becomes an integral part of the house, a private space with a strong relation between interior and exterior.<\/p>\n

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