{"id":528069,"date":"2024-10-12T14:00:49","date_gmt":"2024-10-12T06:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/west-8-landscape-director-donna-bridgeman-fighting-cookie-cutter-similarities.html"},"modified":"2024-10-31T02:16:23","modified_gmt":"2024-10-30T18:16:23","slug":"west-8-landscape-director-donna-bridgeman-fighting-cookie-cutter-similarities","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/west-8-landscape-director-donna-bridgeman-fighting-cookie-cutter-similarities.html","title":{"rendered":"West 8 Landscape Director Donna Bridgeman: Fighting the \u201csimilarity\u201d of uniformity\uff5cASLA’23 Interview"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u2018\u72ec\u7279\u2019\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u5c31\u505a\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f88\u591a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6750\u6599\u6216\u8005\u4ea7\u54c1\u90fd\u662f\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u3001\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u771f\u7684\u505a\u5230\u2018\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u2019\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5173\u6ce8\u666f\u89c2\u5efa\u7b51\u5b66\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u542c\u8fc7West 8 \u2014\u2014 \u56fd\u9645\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u516c\u53f8\u3002West 8<\/strong><\/span><\/a> \u00a0<\/span>\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1987\u5e74\uff0c\u603b\u90e8\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8377\u5170\uff0c\u7531Adriaan Geuze\u548cPaul van Beek\u5171\u540c\u521b\u7acb\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u666f\u89c2\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cWest 8\u4ece\u5927\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u666f\u89c2\u89c4\u5212\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u4ee5\u521b\u65b0\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u95fb\u540d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\u878d\u5408\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u7f8e\u89c2\u3001\u5b9c\u5c45\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\u6db5\u76d6\u57ce\u5e02\u516c\u56ed\u3001\u6ee8\u6c34\u533a\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u5e7f\u573a\u548c\u666f\u89c2\u6539\u9020\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u9886\u5148\u7684\u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u516c\u53f8\uff0cWest 8\u4e0e\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u89c4\u5212\u673a\u6784\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u5546\u7b49\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u900f\u8fc7\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5207\u4eba\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u9879\u76ee\u5305\u62ec\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ebd\u7ea6\u603b\u7763\u5c9b\u516c\u56ed\uff0c\u8377\u5170\u9e7f\u7279\u4e39\u5e93\u5c14\u8f9b\u683c\u5927\u8857\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u690d\u7269\u56ed\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u5f20\u6c5f\u827a\u672f\u516c\u56ed\uff0c\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u5df4\u96c5\u5c14\u5854\u6e7e\u6d77\u6ee8\u666f\u89c2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u6ee8\u6c34\u516c\u56ed\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8d62\u5f97\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ebd\u7ea6\u603b\u7763\u5c9b\u56fd\u9645\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7ade\u8d5b\u540e\uff0cWest8\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u5317\u7f8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bb6\u5206\u90e8\uff0c\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u4e5f\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86ASLA\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u89c4\u5212\u7c7b\u8363\u8a89\u5956\u3002\u5728West8 \u6269\u5927\u5317\u7f8e\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u5bfb\u6c42\u66f4\u591a\u56fd\u9645\u5408\u4f5c\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9080\u8bf7\u5230\u4e86West 8\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u603b\u76d1Donna Bridgeman\uff0c\u4eceWest 8\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u7ec4\u6210\u3001\u5408\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u53d1\u5c55\u8ba1\u5212\u5207\u5165\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u6297\u5343\u7bc7\u4e00\u5f8b\u7684\u201c\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u25bd West8 \u77e5\u540d\u9879\u76ee\u4f5c\u54c1<\/span><\/p>\n

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Interview: Donna Bridgeman-Rossi<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Donna Bridgeman-Rossi<\/strong><\/p>\n

West 8 \u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u603b\u76d1, PLA
\n\u516c\u53f8\u8363\u8a89
\nGlobal Award for Sustainable Architecture TM
\nASLA Professional Awards
\nThe International Urban Landscape Gold Award
\nThe Bijhouwer Award
\nThe Green PinThe Veronica Rudge Green Prize for Urban Design
\nThe Lifetime Achievement Award for Architecture of the Mondriaan Fund<\/p>\n

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No.01 \u5bf9\u6297\u5343\u7bc7\u4e00\u5f8b\u7684\u201c\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u201dTHE GOAL OF FIGHTING SAMENESS<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Q&A\uff1a\u60a8\u5728ASLA\u5927\u4f1a\u7684\u5206\u4eab\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u201c\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u201d\u3002\u80fd\u5426\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e0bWest 8 \u5fb7\u96f7\u514b\u585e\u5c14\u5e7f\u573a\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u548c\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u690d\u7269\u56ed\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u5426\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u201d\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Donna:\u00a0\u8fd9\u5f88\u96be\u8bf4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7c7b\u578b\u5b66\u3001\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u65bd\u5de5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7b49\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u56ed\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u82b1\u56ed\u6216\u4e00\u6bb5\u6c34\u6ee8\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u7531\u6b64\u5f52\u7c7b\uff0c\u603b\u4f1a\u6709\u5185\u5728\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u6027\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u5e78\u4e0e\u60f3\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5408\u540c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u6784\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u8d5e\u52a9\u4eba\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u96f7\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

Q&A\uff1aThere is another interesting point in the session you mentioned at ASLA is about sameness. Do you think Toronto\u00a0Waterfront and Houston Botanic Garden achieve the goal of fighting sameness?<\/p>\n

Donna:\u00a0\u00a0It\u2019s difficult to say, because there are so many ways to compare projects together, from discussions of typology, design, and construction.\u00a0 Because a park, a garden, or a waterfront, is categorized as a typology there will always be an inherent sameness. Although we have been fortunate to work with clients who think differently from the outset, the way we build and contract work is through a traditional contractual process; the way a client relationship is structured as a conservancy, government agency, or individual patron also could lead to sameness.<\/p>\n

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\u25bd\u5fb7\u96f7\u514b\u585e\u5c14\u5e7f\u573a<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u4ee5\u5fb7\u96f7\u514b\u585e\u5c14\u5e7f\u573a<\/strong>\u9879\u76ee\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u5c06\u8d39\u57ce\u5177\u6709\u7eaa\u5ff5\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7b2c30\u8857\u8f66\u7ad9\u5bf9\u9762\u7684\u5730\u9762\u505c\u8f66\u573a\u6539\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5145\u6ee1\u6d3b\u529b\u7684\u7eff\u8272\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u533a\u53c2\u4e0e\u548c\u534f\u4f5c\u3002West8\u548cSHOP Architects\u4e0e\u79c1\u4eba\u5f00\u53d1\u5546\u548c\u673a\u6784\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u6253\u9020\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9ad8\u54c1\u8d28\u7684\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7075\u611f\u6765\u81ea\u5a01\u5ec9\u4f69\u6069\u2014\u2014\u5c06\u8d39\u57ce\u516c\u56ed\u89c6\u4e3a\u57ce\u5e02\u4f1a\u5ba2\u5385\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u613f\u666f\uff1a\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u805a\u96c6\uff0c\u4f11\u606f\u5e76\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7115\u53d1\u6d3b\u529b\u3002\u692d\u5706\u5f62\u7684\u8349\u576a\u4e0a\u88c5\u9970\u7740\u516b\u6761\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u4e1d\u5e26\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u56fe\u6848\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u58a8\u5361\u6258\u6295\u5f71\uff08\u58a8\u5361\u6258\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b49\u89d2\u5706\u67f1\u5730\u56fe\u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u663e\u793a\u6d77\u4e0a\u65c5\u884c\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u7f57\u76d8\u65b9\u4f4d\u800c\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u3002\u8be5\u6295\u5f71\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u6240\u6709\u5c40\u90e8\u5f62\u72b6\u90fd\u662f\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u3002\uff09\u51e0\u4f55\u7684\u5206\u5272\u4e0d\u4ec5\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u533a\u57df\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u5c06\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u95f4\u5212\u5206\u7684\u6070\u5230\u597d\u5904\u3002\u4ece\u7c7b\u578b\u5b66\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5bf9\u6297\u201c\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ece\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0a\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u5546\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6240\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u516c\u79c1\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u8fd8\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5c11\u89c1\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5728\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u4e5f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5bf9\u6297\u4e86\u201c\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

Taking the project of Drexel Square as an example, like what I mentioned yesterday, this design transforms the parking lot opposite the Philadelphia\u2019s 30th Street Station into a vibrant green space, fostering community engagement and collaboration.<\/p>\n

We created eight concrete paths in this elliptical lawn. This kind of Mecator pattern not only enhance connectivity between areas but also divides the public space appropriately. This design looks simple, but the collaboration method is unique: the client was a developer and a university; a public-private partnership which is a rare occurrence.\u00a0We collaborated with some private developers and institutions to create this high-quality public space. Although from typology stand point, it might look similar. But the way of collaboration is unique.<\/p>\n

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\u25bd\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u690d\u7269\u56ed<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u690d\u7269\u56ed<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5178\u578b\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u662f\u7531\u5bb6\u65cf\u6177\u6168\u6350\u52a9\u7684\u6148\u5584\u4e8b\u4e1a\u56e2\u4f53\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u5171\u82b1\u56ed\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5bf9\u6297\u4e86\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6253\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f53\u73b0\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u72ec\u7279\u6c14\u5019\u7684\u666f\u89c2\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u4f1a\u6709\u51b0\u51bb\u5929\u6c14\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u6e7e\u6696\u6d41\u88ab\u8feb\u5411\u5357\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u5bfc\u81f4\u51b0\u51bb\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u690d\u7269\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b9d\u8d35\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u5c06\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u7684\u672c\u571f\u6c34\u9053\u878d\u5165\u6574\u4f53\u6982\u5ff5\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u666f\u89c2\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u521d\u8877\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u56e0\u5730\u5236\u5b9c\uff0c\u5bfb\u6c42\u690d\u7269\u3001\u571f\u58e4\u3001\u5730\u5f62\u3001\u6750\u6599\u7b49\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u72ec\u6709\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u662f\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

Another example of unique collaboration would be the Houston Botanic Garden. The client group was a group led philanthropic effort with funding being generously contributed by individuals and families, although it is a public garden, which could also be seen as going against similarity.<\/p>\n

The ambition was a collection that spoke to the uniqueness of the Houston climate because it does freeze and it’s going to continue to freeze due to the Gulf Stream being pushed down by climate change, a unique parameter in which to provide a library of living plants. Additionally, the project integrates Houston’s waterways into the overall concept, providing an immediate landscape feature. The original design intention of the entire project is to adapt to local conditions and seek a balance between plants, soil, terrain, materials, etc. This is a uniquely Houston experience.<\/p>\n

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\u7136\u800c\u201c\u72ec\u7279\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u5c31\u505a\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f88\u591a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6750\u6599\u6216\u8005\u4ea7\u54c1\u90fd\u662f\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u3001\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u968f\u5904\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u5207\u5272\u77f3\u6750\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u201c\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u4e3a\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u7684\u82b1\u56ed\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5efa\u9020\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u55b7\u6cc9\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b9a\u5236\u7cbe\u786e\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684\u77f3\u6750\uff0c\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6750\u6599\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c \u55b7\u6cc9\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5931\u53bb\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u6027\u548c\u8868\u73b0\u529b\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u4f4e\u5f71\u54cd\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4fbf\u4e0e\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u5bfb\u627e\u5e9f\u5f03\u6750\u6599\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u5f53\u65f6\u4e0e\u77f3\u6750\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u4e00\u8d77\u98de\u53bb\u4e86\u591a\u7c73\u52a0\u5171\u548c\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u53eb\u505a\u5361\u5229\u666e\u7d22\u73ca\u745a\u77f3\u7684\u77f3\u7070\u5ca9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u573a\u5730\u4e0a\u624b\u5de5\u6311\u9009\u4e8664\u5757\u5361\u5229\u666e\u7d22\u73ca\u745a\u5757\u6765\u5236\u4f5c\u7eff\u5899: \u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8868\u9762\u51f9\u51f8\u4e0d\u5e73\u7684\u77f3\u6750\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6311\u9009\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u51f9\u69fd\u6216\u8005\u6709\u6d1e\u7684\u77f3\u6750\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5d4c\u5165\u67d0\u79cd\u571f\u58e4\u7684\u77f3\u6750\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd964\u5757\u77f3\u6750\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u628a\u63a7\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6574\u4e2a\u6c34\u666f\u5899\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0e\u4f17\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

But to your point,\u00a0there are a lot of material and \u2018off-the-shelf\u2019 components to these projects that are \u2018the same,\u2019 for example cut stone; you see that everywhere. What I hoped to speak to was the little twists and ways we can intervene as Landscape Architects.<\/p>\n

For example the entrance fountain that was designed and built for the garden. For exact dimensional stone there would have been a significant amount of material waste and additional funding required. The fountain also would have lost the richness and expression of the material. We worked with our team to source waste material; Our team flew to the Dominican Republic with our stone supplier, where we found this limestone called calypso coral stone. We hand-selected 64 calypso coral blocks from the site to create the green wall: among these stones with uneven surfaces, we selected some with grooves or holes, and some with soil in it. The detailed control of these 64 stones makes the design of the entire water feature wall unique.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u25bd\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u690d\u7269\u56ed\u65e7\u77f3\u590d\u7528<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u00a9\u00a0\u56fe\u6e90\u7f51\u7edc<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77f3\u6750\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5e9f\u5f03\u7684\u8868\u9762\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u8868\u9762\u5e76\u4e0d\u5e73\u6574\u5e72\u51c0\uff08\u66f4\u6df1\u66f4\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u77f3\u6750\u66f4\u6536\u9752\u7750\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u8fd9\u6709\u7279\u8272\u7684\u8868\u9762\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u6b63\u662f\u4e0e\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u6c14\u5019\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u6f6e\u6e7f\u70ed\u5e26\u6c14\u5019\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77f3\u5757\u53d7\u5230\u98ce\u8680\uff0c\u571f\u58e4\u6c89\u79ef\uff0c\u76d0\u5206\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5b83\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u808c\u7406\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u518d\u8003\u8651\u5230\u63d0\u4f9b\u6c34\u6e90\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u690d\u7269\u63d0\u4f9b\u751f\u957f\u6709\u5229\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u6750\u6599\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u2014\u2014\u91c7\u77f3\u573a\u8868\u5c42\u5177\u6709\u808c\u7406\u7684\u77f3\u6750\uff0c\u770b\u4f3c\u662f\u5e9f\u6599\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u8ba9\u8fd9\u5ea7\u6c34\u666f\u5899\u53d8\u5f97\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u3002<\/p>\n

Besides that, these stones are wastes because the surface is not smooth and clean (deeper and more regular stones are preferred.), and the reason for this distinctive surface is the humid tropical climate similar to that of Houston. : These stones are affected by wind erosion, soil deposition, salt and other conditions, forming its unique texture.Given the priority to move water and to host plants we saw an opportunity to employ a material differently, working within our parameters but looking for that little twist.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u25bd\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u690d\u7269\u56ed<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u00a9\u00a0West8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u00a9\u00a0West8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

No.02 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u81ea\u7136 SECOND NATURE<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Q&A\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8c08\u8c08\u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u81ea\u6210\u7acb\u4e4b\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u201c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u201d\u4e00\u76f4\u662fWest 8\u7684\u91cd\u4e2d\u4e4b\u91cd\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u54ea\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u81ea\u7136\u201d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5462\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Donna:\u00a0\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u96be\u89e3\u91ca\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u505a\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u5e7f\u5ea6\u3002\u81ea\u516c\u53f8\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u6709\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u90fd\u662f\u503e\u542c\u5404\u4e2a\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u571f\u5730\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u751f\u6001\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7b49\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u89c4\u5f8b\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u901a\u8fc7\u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u9605\u8bfb\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5927\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u5168\u5c40\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u3001\u589e\u52a0\u4f46\u4ece\u4e0d\u5220\u9664\u3002\u8fd9\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u5e26\u7ed9\u573a\u5730\u6beb\u4e0d\u76f8\u5e72\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u575a\u4fe1\u7406\u89e3\u573a\u5730\u808c\u7406\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u6210\u529f\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u81ea\u7136\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5c42\u9762\u4ea4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\uff1a\u9879\u76ee\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8377\u5170\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u6cfd\u5170\uff0c \u5728\u8fd9\u6761\u8fde\u63a5\u6d77\u9632\u7684\u5927\u578b\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u8fb9\uff0cWest 8 \u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5927\u5730\u827a\u672f\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f00\u8f66\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u6807\u5fd7\u6027\u7684\u3001\u4ee4\u4eba\u5174\u594b\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5bf9\u573a\u5730\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u975e\u5e38\u5de7\u5999\u5730\u878d\u5165\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u73af\u5883\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e9b\u5217\u7684\u9ad8\u53f0\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e3a\u884c\u9a76\u5728\u98ce\u66b4\u6f6e\u9632\u62a4\u5824\u4e0a\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f15\u4eba\u5165\u80dc\u7684\u56fe\u6848\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\u9e1f\u7c7b\u6816\u606f\u5730\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6d77\u666f\u5168\u666f\u5c55\u73b0\u5728\u773c\u524d\u3002<\/p>\n

Q&A\uff1aWe\u2019d like to chat about some design concepts and approaches. As we know from the day West 8 was founded, sustainability has been at the forefront of the firm’s work. What are the strategies West 8 typically uses to achieve the goal of second nature?<\/p>\n

Donna:\u00a0It might be difficult to explain the breadth of what we do, but inherent in all our projects – since the inception of the firm – has been the element of listening to the people that are at the table, to the land, the systems, ecological, social, economic, and infrastructure, observing patterns and making sure you’re reading all of this information through the lens of a landscape architect. Within this larger context \u2013 or systemic approach – we make adjustments, adding but never erasing. This is always the point of departure; we don\u2019t bring something not of the place, but instead believe that the context needs to be understood for our design to be successful.<\/p>\n

Reading the layer of second nature, it’s not about what’s going on right now, but it’s about seeing the layers and interweaving them together with what is possible.<\/p>\n

A good project to explain would be one of our earliest, in the south of the Netherlands, in Zeeland. Within this large infrastructural motorway, connecting to the coastal defense, West 8 created a form of land art, something iconic and exciting to the driver, but also sensitive to the land and incredibly integrated within the place. Five years after the works on the Eastern Scheldt storm surge barrier were completed, West 8 designed the surrounding landscape of the Eastern Scheldt by ironing out the sand depots and covering these vast plateaus with shells. These beds are the ideal rest place for the black and white coastal birds which seek to camouflage in the landscape at high tide.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u00a9\u00a0West8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u00a9\u00a0West8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u6536\u96c6\u4e86\u6570\u5343\u78c5\u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u8d3b\u8d1d\u58f3\u548c\u767d\u8272\u86e4\u58f3\uff0c\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u94fa\u8bbe\u6210\u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684\u6761\u7eb9\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5927\u5730\u4e0a\u89c4\u6a21\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u4ee5\u7f6e\u4fe1\u7684\u51b0\u5ddd\u6761\u75d5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u5728\u4e1c\u65bd\u5c14\u5fb7\u98ce\u66b4\u6f6e\u9632\u62a4\u5824\u5b8c\u5de5\u4e94\u5e74\u540e\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002West8 \u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e1c\u65bd\u5c14\u5fb7\u5468\u8fb9\u7684\u666f\u89c2\uff0c\u5c06\u6c99\u5806\u4fee\u6574\u5e73\u6574\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u8d1d\u58f3\u8986\u76d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u9ad8\u53f0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d1d\u58f3\u5e8a\u662f\u9ed1\u767d\u76f8\u95f4\u7684\u6d77\u5cb8\u9e1f\u7c7b\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u4f11\u606f\u5730\uff1b\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u6da8\u6f6e\u65f6\u7684\u666f\u89c2\u4e2d\u4f2a\u88c5\u81ea\u5df1\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5173\u4e8e\u9e1f\u7c7b\u7684\u7b51\u5de2\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f53\u5b83\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u8d1d\u58f3\u4e2d\u6816\u606f\u548c\u7e41\u6b96\u65f6\uff0c\u6761\u7eb9\u56fe\u6848\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u6e10\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u518d\u6b21\u56de\u5f52\u3002<\/p>\n

We collected thousands of pounds of black mussel shells and white clam shells, delineated into beautiful stripes, like striations across the land at an incredible scale. \u00a0The project was about the nesting patterns of the birds, and, as the birds start to inhabit and populate the ridged pattern, the lines start to mix, and the site returns to nature once more.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u00a9\u00a0West8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5ba3\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f60\u5f88\u5c11\u518d\u770b\u5230\u7684\u7cbe\u81f4\u800c\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6211\u5f88\u9ad8\u5174\u5728\u4e00\u5bb6\u4ece\u4e8b\u6b64\u7c7b\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8c08\u8bba\u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u201c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u3001\u57fa\u51c6\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u6240\u675f\u7f1a\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0a\u8ff0\u201c\u4ee5\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5229\u7528\u5e9f\u6599\u201d\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4f1a\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u5efa\u7b51\u884c\u4e1a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u65bd\u5de5\u5783\u573e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u79d1\u5730\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6709\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u600e\u6837\u7684\u5e9f\u6599\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u505a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u5bb9\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c0f\u65b9\u6cd5\u9006\u52bf\u800c\u884c\uff0c\u6084\u6084\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u9002\u914d\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6216\u6211\u4eec\u529b\u6240\u80fd\u53ca\u7684\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6548\u76ca\uff0c\u4f7f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u53d7\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n

I think that \u2013 as a statement – that’s something exquisite and exceptional that you rarely see anymore. I’m happy that I work at a firm that did those kinds of projects, where that caliber of thinking is our fundamental and our baseline.<\/p>\n

When we talk about \u2018Sustainability\u2019 as landscape architecture, there is a temptation to be locked into the toolkits, the benchmarks and criteria. Within that lens, it can be hard to do a project like this, which at its core is about using a waste material in an innovative way. For example, one of the biggest pollutants from the building industry is construction waste. Our discipline can look at what the waste products are of all the systems at play, intervene where possible, and make something a little different and more responsive to your locale. It\u2019s not always possible \u2013 and we often try in small ways to buck the trend and sneak these kind of adaptive reuse, or sustainable benefits where we can, to benefit everyone.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u00a9\u00a0West8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Q&A\uff1a\u611f\u8c22\u5206\u4eab\u8fd9\u4e2a\u522b\u5177\u4e00\u683c\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u666f\u89c2\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u4f4e\u5f71\u54cd\u5f00\u53d1\u6574\u5408\u5230\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u79d1\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8eab\u5904\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u540c\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u3002West 8\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u5408\u4f5c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u7684\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Donna\uff1a\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u521a\u624d\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff0cWest 8 \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u7531\u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u548c\u89c4\u5212\u5e08\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u3001\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53d7\u8fc7\u519c\u5b66\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u57f9\u8bad\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u56fe\u5c42\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8fd0\u7528\u4e86\u5927\u91cf GIS\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528 Revit \u8fdb\u884c BIM \u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5efa\u7acb\u66f4\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u5c06\u591a\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6c47\u96c6\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81ea\u516c\u53f8\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\uff0cWest 8 \u4e00\u76f4\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u201c\u8fb9\u7f18\u201d\uff08\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u4ea4\u53c9\uff09\u3002\u4f4d\u4e8e\u963f\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u4e39\u4e1c\u6e2f\u6539\u9020\u9879\u76ee (Borneo-Sporenburg) \u662f\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u4ea4\u53c9\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u54c1\u8d28\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u5efa\u7b51\u7a81\u7834\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u534f\u540c\u6307\u6325\u4e0e\u8c03\u914d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cWest 8 \u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u548c\u76f8\u4e92\u534f\u4f5c\u3002\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u91cc\u7684\u5404\u5b66\u79d1\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u754c\u9650\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5fc3\u6001\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u5efa\u7acb\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\uff08\u4ece\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u548c\u987e\u95ee\u5230\u5408\u4f5c\u4f19\u4f34\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5171\u540c\u8bdd\u9898\u4e0e\u9ad8\u6548\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

Q&A\uff1aThanks for sharing this unique project. Not only for us, but also for other disciplines, we\u2019re in the same world and we\u2019re having the same issue. We all need to set sustainability as the goal. In terms of this shared goal, we wonder how multi-disciplines work to achieve the shared goal as West 8 is an international firm of several talented architects, urban designers, landscape architects, and industrial designers.<\/p>\n

Donna:\u00a0When we describe West 8 as a multi-disciplinary studio, it means that our team is comprised of landscape architects, architects, urban designers and planners, industrial designers, ecologists, even people trained in agronomy and engineering. It\u2019s not just that we use a lot of GIS for layers and system, and that we can work across BIM modeling with Revit, but our multidisciplinary experience is a wide palette, a cross-over of all the avenues.<\/p>\n

Since the founding of the firm, West 8 has always worked on the fringe of the\u00a0profession of \u2018Landscape Architecture\u2019. Borneo-Sporenburg in the Eastern Docklands of Amsterdam is a case-study for so many disciplines, but it\u2019s defining quality is due to the groundbreaking nature of all of the Architecture being orchestrated through the lens of a Landscape Architect. West 8 led their transformation into one residential district with 2500 mainly low-rise dwellings, in a high density of 100 units per hectare.<\/p>\n

Within this workflow, today, every single person at West 8 is expected to be able to engage and collaborate with each other. There are no boundaries between the disciplines in the office – at all. This mindset enables us to create a dialogue with the professionals of those disciplines, a shared language and efficiency of understanding when it comes to wider professions, from engineers and consultants to partners and clients.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u00a9\u00a0West8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

No.03 \u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u201c\u8fb9\u7f18\u201d ABOUT WEST 8<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Q&A\uff1aWest 8 \u603b\u90e8\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8377\u5170\u9e7f\u7279\u4e39\uff0c\u8d62\u5f97\u7ebd\u7ea6\u603b\u7763\u5c9b\u516c\u56ed\u56fd\u9645\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7ade\u8d5b\u540e\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u5317\u7f8e\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff0c\u60a8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6b27\u6d32\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9879\u76ee\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u91cd\u70b9\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0a\u6709\u4f55\u5f02\u540c\uff1fWest 8\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u534f\u540c\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u534f\u4f5c\u7684\u5462\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Donna:\u00a0West 8 \u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5317\u7f8e\u529e\u516c\u5ba410 \u4eba\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u9e7f\u7279\u4e39\u603b\u90e8\u548c\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff0c\u5171\u8ba180\u4f59\u4eba\u3002\u5458\u5de5\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u6765\u81ea 18-19 \u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u9e7f\u7279\u4e39\u548c\u8d39\u57ce\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f00\u5c55\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u8de8\u5730\u57df\u3001\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u3001\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u4f7f\u5f97\u56e2\u961f\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u8d39\u57ce\u56e2\u961f\u6bcf\u5929\u4e0b\u73ed\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5de5\u4f5c\u79fb\u4ea4\u548c\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u9879\u76ee\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5feb\u8282\u594f\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u51e0\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u9002\u5e94\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u8de8\u65f6\u533a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u5f00\u8f66\u4e0e\u822a\u7a7a\u98de\u884c\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n

Q&A\uff1aWest 8 is based in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and established its North American office after winning an international design competition for Governors Island Park (an icon for the city, a beacon in the harbor). What are the similarities and differences in design focus and project types between European and U.S. projects? How do people usually work as a team to work on different projects?<\/p>\n

Donna:\u00a0The North American office is only around 10 people, but together with our headquarters in Rotterdam and the Belgium office, our studio includes about 80 people, with anywhere between 18 to 19 different countries represented by the staff. , As we work on every project between the two offices (Rotterdam and Philadelphia), it enables us to get input from a wide range of backgrounds and cultures. When our team logs off for the day, we handover and synchronize so the projects can continue to develop. Its fast-paced, but efficient. In the last few years, everyone’s caught up with us in regards to working across time-zones and being efficient with fuel and flights.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u00a9\u00a0West8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u75ab\u60c5\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5317\u7f8e\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u73b0\u573a\u6216\u5bb6\u4e2d\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u501f\u6b64\u673a\u4f1a\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u642c\u5230\u8d39\u57ce\u3002\u642c\u5bb6\u65e2\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\u4ed8\u8bf8\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3001\u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684\u8857\u666f\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u66f4\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u6b65\u884c\u5230\u516c\u53f8\u4e0a\u73ed\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6210\u529f\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u793e\u533a\u7684\u643a\u624b\u5171\u5efa\uff0c\u4e0e\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u3001\u4e86\u89e3\u5f53\u5730\u65b9\u8a00\u3001\u5236\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u5efa\u9020\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u601d\u8003\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u56de\u5230\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff0c\u5e76\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0e\u8de8\u65f6\u533a\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e2\u961f\u9ad8\u6548\u534f\u540c\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u4f73\u4ea7\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n

During the Pandemic, the North American Office was working remote, either on site or from their homes and we took the opportunity to look at our employee\u2019s quality of life, how people were living and working, and decided to move the office to Philadelphia. Relocating was about putting into practice what we design for, the human scale, the beautiful streetscape, and was to allow more people from broader backgrounds to be able to work at the firm, where everyone could walk to the office.<\/p>\n

That being said, all of our projects succeed because we work hand in hand with local communities, the people who are on the site, have lived in this area and know the local vernacular, the way of making, the way of building, the way of thinking. For now, we\u2019re back to the office and we continue to work remotely with other offices across time-zones and countries. This approach helps us work efficiently as a team, for the best output.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Q&A\uff1a\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u90e8\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0a\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u5f88\u6709\u6548\u3002\u4e0e\u6b27\u6d32\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u60a8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5317\u7f8e\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u53d1\u5c55\u673a\u4f1a\u6216\u662f\u9650\u5236\uff1f\u53e6\u5916\uff0cWest 8\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6269\u5927\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Donna\uff1a\u8bf4\u5230\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u5317\u7f8e\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6709\u6240\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u6c89\u6d78\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u4eba\u534f\u540c\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u50cf\u51b2\u6d6a\u2014\u2014\u4f60\u548c\u719f\u6089\u6c34\u57df\u7684\u4eba\u4e00\u8d77\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f60\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u8df3\u4e0a\u53bb\uff0c\u503e\u542c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u521b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u6269\u5c55\u5de5\u4f5c\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u4e5f\u8981\u8003\u8651\u56e2\u961f\u53ef\u4ee5\u627f\u62c5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

Q&A\uff1aIt\u00a0sounds like there are many similarities between different sites. The multidisciplinary approach and also the remote work works well for everyone. Compared with the team in Europe, do you think is there any development opportunities\/constraints for North America? We also noticed that the West 8 has been working on some great projects in China. We wonder if West 8 has any plans to expand and develop in China.<\/p>\n

Donna:\u00a0As for constraints, we have to be selective about what projects we do from our North American studio because our work is so immersive, the approach of working hand in hand alongside local people. In a way, it\u2019s like surfing – you prepare for the wave together with someone who knows the waters, and then you jump on with them, listen to them, and help them realize something good in their community. We\u2019re looking for more opportunities and collaborations to expand, but within the realities of how much we can accomplish within our team.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u00a9\u00a0West8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5728\u9e7f\u7279\u4e39\u603b\u90e8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u652f\u4e2d\u56fd\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u57ce\u5e02\u5730\u6807\u9879\u76ee\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f18\u8d28\u5ba2\u6237\u6709\u7740\u975e\u5e38\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e76\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u7cbe\u54c1\u82b1\u56ed\u3001\u6ee8\u6c34\u516c\u56ed\u3001\u5927\u578b\u57ce\u5e02\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u6846\u67b6\u7b49\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u4ee5\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u7ecf\u9a8c\u53ca\u4ece\u56e2\u961f\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u957f\u671f\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728 West 8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u52c7\u4e8e\u5728\u73b0\u573a\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u65bd\u5de5\u548c\u6267\u884c\u9636\u6bb5\u90fd\u5728\u573a\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u5f85\u7ee7\u7eed\u6269\u5927\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4f18\u8d28\u9879\u76ee\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5317\u7f8e\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u8d1f\u8d23\u7f8e\u6d32\u5730\u533a\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u3001\u4e4c\u62c9\u572d\u548c\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u7684\u65b0\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

Within the Rotterdam office, we have a Chinese team that has been working for over a decade on landmark projects. We have a very good relationship with some select clients in China, working on projects from boutique garden design, waterfront parks, and large-scale urban planning and sustainability frameworks. From my own experience and learning from the team, the relationship of building timeframe is very intense. At West 8, we have never been afraid to have our voice on site, for our team to be present across the construction and execution phases to ensure that the vision to the details is delivered. We are looking forward to continuing to expand and develop our portfolio of quality work in China.<\/p>\n

Within the North American office, our team works across projects within the larger Americas, including new work in Mexico, Uruguay and also Argentina.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Q&A\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u975e\u5e38\u6b23\u8d4f\u8fd9\u79cd\u8de8\u5730\u57df\uff0c\u8de8\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u4ea4\u7ec7\u7684\u5927\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08\u4f1a\u5148\u505a\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5e76\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u4eca\u5e74ASLA \u300cScale Up\u300d\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u60a8\u5bf9\u521a\u5165\u884c\u7684\u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5efa\u8bae\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Donna:\u00a0\u6211\u5b8c\u5168\u660e\u767d\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u66f4\u52a0\u575a\u5f3a\u5730\u4e89\u53d6\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4e89\u53d6\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e2d\u4f4d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540c\u65f6\u62e5\u6709M.Arch\u548c MLA \u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u7684\u597d\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u6709\u66f4\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u6765\u770b\u5f85\u9879\u76ee\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u8003\u8651\u73af\u5883\u9879\u76ee\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5efa\u7b51\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u5bf9\u5e74\u8f7b\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u591a\u5143\u5316\u548c\u534f\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u89e3\u8bfb\u3001\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e0e\u54a8\u8be2\u56e2\u961f\u5e76\u80a9\u5408\u4f5c\u603b\u662f\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u79d1\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u5f85\u4e00\u4e2a\u573a\u5730\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

Q&A\uff1aThank you for the\u00a0introduction to the West 8 team composition, collaboration methods, and future development. We greatly appreciate this cross-regional, cross-cultural, and interdisciplinary approach to collaboration. However, in some multidisciplinary corporations, architects tend to make decisions first, which may seem unfair to landscape designers. In light of this year’s ASLA ‘Scale Up’ theme, what advice do you have for landscape designers who are just starting out?<\/p>\n

Donna: I completely understand. As Landscape Architects, we have to be stronger in fighting for our case, for our seat at the table, but – as someone who has both an M.Arch and an MLA – I think the benefit of being a Landscape Architect is that we have a much wider lens in which to look at a project and to work.<\/p>\n

When we think about environmental projects, and how important they will be going forward in the built environment, my advice is to young professionals is to diversify and collaborate. Constantly reading, experiencing, and working with consulting teams as partners is always beneficial. Learning how different disciplines approach a site is useful knowledge, in order to get a wider perspective and collectively come to the best outcome possible.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u9e23\u8c22
\nACKNOWLEDGEMENT
\n\u51fa\u54c1\/ Production:\u00a0ArchiDogs \u7b51\u683c\u4f20\u5a92
\n\u91c7\u8bbf\u53ca\u6587\u6848 \/ Interview\/Record:\u00a0Yiyuan Shao\u00a0(HGA \u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08)\uff0cMagic Sun (Coen Partner \u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08)
\n\u6821\u5bf9\/Proofread:\u00a0Sherry Li, Fangying Shi
\n\u4e13\u680f\u7b56\u5212 \/ Column Planning:\u00a0Miranda, Jiqing Zhu
\n\u7279\u522b\u9e23\u8c22 \/ Acknowledgement:\u00a0ASLA, West 8<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u66f4\u591a Read more about\uff1aWest 8<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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8\u4e0e\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u89c4\u5212\u673a\u6784\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u5546\u7b49\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u900f\u8fc7\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5207\u4eba\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u9879\u76ee\u5305\u62ec\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ebd\u7ea6\u603b\u7763\u5c9b\u516c\u56ed\uff0c\u8377\u5170\u9e7f\u7279\u4e39\u5e93\u5c14\u8f9b\u683c\u5927\u8857\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u690d\u7269\u56ed\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u5f20\u6c5f\u827a\u672f\u516c\u56ed\uff0c\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u5df4\u96c5\u5c14\u5854\u6e7e\u6d77\u6ee8\u666f\u89c2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u6ee8\u6c34\u516c\u56ed\u7b49\u3002 \u5728\u8d62\u5f97\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ebd\u7ea6\u603b\u7763\u5c9b\u56fd\u9645\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7ade\u8d5b\u540e\uff0cWest8\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u5317\u7f8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bb6\u5206\u90e8\uff0c\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u4e5f\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86ASLA\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u89c4\u5212\u7c7b\u8363\u8a89\u5956\u3002\u5728West8 \u6269\u5927\u5317\u7f8e\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u5bfb\u6c42\u66f4\u591a\u56fd\u9645\u5408\u4f5c\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9080\u8bf7\u5230\u4e86West 8\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u603b\u76d1Donna Bridgeman\uff0c\u4eceWest 8\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u7ec4\u6210\u3001\u5408\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u53d1\u5c55\u8ba1\u5212\u5207\u5165\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u6297\u5343\u7bc7\u4e00\u5f8b\u7684\u201c\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u201d\u3002   \u25bd West8 \u77e5\u540d\u9879\u76ee\u4f5c\u54c1     Interview: Donna Bridgeman-Rossi Donna Bridgeman-Rossi West 8 \u666f\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u603b\u76d1, PLA \u516c\u53f8\u8363\u8a89 Global Award for Sustainable Architecture TM ASLA Professional Awards The International Urban Landscape Gold Award The Bijhouwer Award The Green…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16310,"featured_media":527765,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[523],"tags":[25780],"photographer":[],"space":[],"position":[],"developer":[],"designer":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/528069"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16310"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=528069"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/528069\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":537367,"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/528069\/revisions\/537367"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/527765"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=528069"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=528069"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=528069"},{"taxonomy":"photographer","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/photographer?post=528069"},{"taxonomy":"space","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/space?post=528069"},{"taxonomy":"position","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/position?post=528069"},{"taxonomy":"developer","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/developer?post=528069"},{"taxonomy":"designer","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/designer?post=528069"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}