{"id":73307,"date":"2018-11-08T10:23:22","date_gmt":"2018-11-08T02:23:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mooool.com\/kupla-by-avanto.html"},"modified":"2018-11-08T10:42:23","modified_gmt":"2018-11-08T02:42:23","slug":"kupla-by-avanto","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mooool.com\/en\/kupla-by-avanto.html","title":{"rendered":"kupla by AVANTO"},"content":{"rendered":"
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AVANTO<\/strong><\/a>\uff1a\u8d6b\u5c14\u8f9b\u57fa\u5e02korkeasaari\u52a8\u7269\u56ed\u548cWood Focus Finland\u4e3a\u8d6b\u5c14\u8f9b\u57fa\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\u5efa\u7b51\u7cfb\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4e3e\u529e\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u5efa\u7b51\u7ade\u8d5b\u3002\u7ade\u8d5b\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u7528\u6728\u6750\u4e3a\u52a8\u7269\u56ed\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u5ea710\u7c73\u9ad8\u7684\u89c2\u666f\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n AVANTO<\/strong><\/a>\uff1aKorkeasaari Zoo (Helsinki) and Wood Focus Finland organised an architectural competition for the students of architecture at Helsinki University of Technology, with the assignment of designing a ten-metre-high view tower out of timber for the Zoo.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u8fd9\u4e2a\u83b7\u5956\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u7531\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u6fc0\u53d1\u7684\uff1b\u5b83\u8ddf\u968f\u7740\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u77f3\u5899\u548c\u6866\u6811\u7684\u8fb9\u7ebf\u30022001\u5e741\u6708\u81f35\u6708\uff0cWood Studio workshop\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec4\u88c5\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u63a2\u7d22\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec6\u8282\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b8c\u5584\u4e86\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8349\u6848\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5851\u6027\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u56fe\u50cf\u4f5c\u4e3aAutoCAD\u7ed8\u56fe\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5229\u7528\u9ad8\u5dee\u56fe\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a3d\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u201c\u7c98\u8d34\u201d\u4e86\u5f2f\u66f2\u7684\u677f\u6761\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7f51\u683c\u3002\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7ed3\u8bba\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5b9e\u8df5\u5efa\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e24\u7c73\u9ad8\u7684\u4e00\u6bd4\u4e94\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u627e\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u6784\u5efa\u9636\u6bb5\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u6109\u5feb\u7684\u610f\u5916\u3002\u53c2\u52a0\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u6765\u81ea\u82ac\u5170\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u8377\u5170\uff0c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u548c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u3002\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u7531Jan Soderlund\u6559\u6388\u548c\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08Risto Huttunen\u6307\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>\n The free form of my winning entry was motivated by the natural setting; it follows the surrounding stone wall and skirts around a group of birches. In January-May 2001 students at the Wood Studio workshop developed the draft design further by assembling scale models and exploring structural details. As the management of the irregular form proved difficult, I moulded a plastoline model. Digital images of the model then functioned as a basis for the AutoCAD drawings. Using the level drawings we constructed a 3D-computer model onto which we \u201dtaped\u201d the curved battens to form the gridshell. The most important lessons came from the laborious building of a two-meter-high one to five model. Finding solutions to the problems that came up at this stage saved us from many unpleasant surprises during the actual construction phase. The students participating in the workshop were from Finland, Japan, the U.S., the Netherlands, Italy and Portugal. The workshop was supervised by Professor Jan S\u00f6derlund and architect Risto Huttunen.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u5168\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684\u677f\u6761\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5c42\u538b\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u7bee\u72b6\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u3002\u6211\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u9884\u5f2f\u7684\u677f\u6761\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u627f\u53d7\u8db3\u591f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5f2f\u66f2\u548c\u626d\u66f2\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5f53\u5c42\u538b\u6728\u6750\u4e0d\u80fd\u626d\u66f2\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u84b8\u6c7d\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9020\u8239\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6c34\u5206\u8bd5\u9a8c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e9a\u9ebb\u6cb9\u57fa\u6728\u8102\u8868\u9762\u5904\u7406\u5bf9\u542b\u6c34\u7387\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u62c9\u4f38\u8bd5\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u63a5\u7f1d\u7684\u8010\u4e45\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n After the workshop, I laminated full-scale test pieces of battens, which form the basket-like gridshell. I studied whether the pre-bent battens tolerate bending and twisting to a sufficient degree as to allow their use in a construction of this type. When the laminated timber resisted twisting I resorted to steaming, a traditional method in boatbuilding. The effect of surface treatment with linen oil-based wood balm on moisture content was determined by moisture tests and the durability of the joints was proved by tension tests.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00a9 Jussi Tiainen<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u57282002\u5e746\u6708\u81f38\u6708\uff0c\u75318\u540d\u5efa\u7b51\u5b66\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u56e2\u961f\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u8fd9\u5ea7\u5854\u3002\u708e\u70ed\u590f\u5929\u7684\u5145\u8db3\u9633\u5149\u4f7f\u6728\u6750\u8db3\u591f\u5e72\u71e5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7528\u4e8e\u84b8\u6c7d\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u6d3e\u4e0a\u4e86\u7528\u573a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u82b1\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6ce1\u6ce1\u662fKorkeasaari\u5c9b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u81f4\u900f\u660e\u7684\u5730\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n Finally in June-August 2002 the tower was erected by an international group of eight students of architecture. The hot, sunny summer dried up the timber, and the duct pipes that were used for steaming proved useful. It took us three months to complete the job; now the bubble is a delicately transparent landmark of Korkeasaari Island.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00a9 Jussi Tiainen<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u8be5\u57fa\u5730\u6d77\u62d418\u7c73\uff0c\u5728\u8d6b\u5c14\u8f9b\u57fa\u6d77\u5e73\u7ebf\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u5ea7\u5854\u3002\u4ece10\u7c73\u9ad8\u7684\u4e24\u5c42\u5854\u697c\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5e02\u4e2d\u5fc3\u548c\u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684\u6d77\u666f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u5c31\u50cf\u86cb\u58f3\u4e00\u6837\uff1b\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5c06\u7531600\u591a\u4e2a\u5173\u8282\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u58f3\u523a\u7a7f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u80fd\u627f\u53d7\u4f4f\u8f7d\u8377\u3002\u627f\u91cd\u7ed3\u6784\u753172\u6839\u957f\u6728\u6761\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u622a\u9762\u89c4\u683c\u4e3a60mmx60mm\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6728\u6761\u5728\u73b0\u573a\u4ece\u4e03\u79cd\u9884\u5f2f\u7c7b\u578b\u4e2d\u5f2f\u66f2\u800c\u6210\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u5854\u81ea\u8eab\u6ca1\u6709\u6297\u98ce\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5854\u8eab\u91c7\u7528\u4e9a\u9ebb\u6cb9\u57fa\u6728\u9999\u818f\u8fdb\u884c\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\u9632\u62a4\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n The site is eighteen metres above the sea level and the tower is very visible in the Helsinki sea line. A wonderful view of the sea and the city centre opens up from the ten-metre-high two-storey tower. The structure behaves like an eggshell; even when the gridshell, which consists of over 600 joints, is punctured it withstands the load. The load bearing structure consists of 72 long battens with a section of 60mmx60mm that are bent and twisted on the site from seven pre-bent types. As the tower has no structural protection against weathering, it is treated with a linen oil-based wood balm with UV-protection.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u62e9\u6ce1\u6cab\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff1f\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u77e9\u5f62\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u76d2\u5b50\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u5f62\u72b6\uff0c\u5176\u7528\u9014\u65e0\u9700\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u7ec6\u80de\u5230\u884c\u661f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u7269\u4e2d\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u66f2\u7ebf\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u53e4\u5f80\u4eca\u6765\uff0c\u62f1\u9876\u7ed3\u6784\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u571f\u5c4b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ad8\u8fea\u7684\u5723\u5bb6\u5802(Sagrada Familia)\u7b49\u5efa\u7b51\u6770\u4f5c\u4e2d\u3002\u66f2\u7ebf\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e5f\u6bd4\u76f4\u7ebf\u5f62\u5f0f\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u4eba\u7684\u5f62\u4f53\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4eba\u4eec\u89c9\u5f97\u6709\u673a\u5f62\u5f0f\u66f4\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n Why did I choose the shape of a bubble as a basis for the design? As a rule, our western culture favours rectangular forms. The box is considered a standard shape the use of which need not be explained. In nature, however, curvilinear forms are present in everything from cells to planets. Cost-effective and durable, vault structures have been used throughout history, in native mud huts as well as in architectural masterpieces such as Gaudi\u2019s Sagrada Familia, which was planned with the use of upside down hanging chain models. Curvilinear forms are also closer to the human physique than rectilinear, which is why people experience organic forms as humane.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00a9 Jussi Tiainen<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n 1994\u5e74\uff0cJan S\u00f6derlund\u6559\u6388\u521b\u529e\u4e86\u8d6b\u5c14\u8f9b\u57fa\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66Wood Studio workshop\u3002\u8fd9\u95e8\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u6280\u672f\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u521b\u65b0\u548c\u827a\u672f\u624b\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b66\u751f\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u5e74\u4e00\u5ea6\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u7ade\u8d5b\u9009\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u534a\u662f\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n Professor Jan S\u00f6derlund initiated The Helsinki University of Technology Wood Studio workshop in 1994. The course was aimed to contrast the rather pragmatic building technology courses. It is characterised by innovation and artistic approach. The students are selected by an annual student competition and half of them are foreigners.<\/p>\n \u00a9 Jussi Tiainen<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a9 AVANTO<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a9 HUT photography laboratory<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a9 HUT photography laboratory<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a9 HUT photography laboratory<\/span><\/p>\n \u25bc\u57fa\u5730\u5e73\u9762\u56fe<\/strong>\u00a0Site Plan<\/span><\/p>\n \u25bc\u57fa\u5730\u5256\u9762\u56fe<\/strong>\u00a0Site Section<\/span><\/p>\n \u25bc\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8349\u56fe<\/strong>\u00a0Sketch- Section & Site<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a9 AVANTO<\/span><\/p>\n \u25bc\u6784\u7b51\u7269\u5e73\u9762\u56fe<\/strong>\u00a0Plan<\/span><\/p>\n \u25bc\u6784\u7b51\u7269\u5256\u9762\u56fe<\/strong>\u00a0Sections<\/span><\/p>\n \u25bc\u6728\u6761\u5143\u7d20<\/strong>\u00a0Battens<\/span><\/p>\n
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