加拿大马格达伦群岛上的海岸线住宅 / Atelier L’Abri

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Atelier L’Abri：Magdalen House与魁北克玛马格达伦群岛的海岸线以及定义该群岛的乡土建筑形式建立了富有深意的联系。这座小型建筑坐落于一处天然台地之上，俯瞰着阿韦尔-奥贝尔岛的沙丘和大西洋。它以克制的姿态融入景观之中，与地域环境及周边建成环境展开对话。

该项目的建筑设计源于对马格达伦乡土建筑的解读，这种建筑体现为受气候、地理和岛屿生活方式影响而形成的建造原则与经久考验的工艺传统。对乡土形式的理解构成了项目的核心理念，并催生出一种既耐久又根植于当地环境的当代建筑。

Magdalen House体现了植根于其所在语境的地域性、文化性和建构性愿景。周围环境的静谧之美、光线的品质、与自然生态的关系以及生活体验的丰富性，都是项目的关键要素，共同构成了人与场所之间持久情感联结的基本条件。

Atelier L’Abri：Magdalen House establishes a thoughtful relationship with the coastline of the Magdalen Islands and the vernacular forms that define this archipelago in Quebec. The small building rests on a natural plateau overlooking the dunes of Havre-Aubert Island and the Atlantic Ocean. It settles into the landscape with restraint, in dialogue with the territory and the surrounding built environment.

The project’s architectural approach is rooted in a reading of Magdalen vernacular architecture, understood as a body of building principles and time-tested craftsmanship shaped by the climate, geography, and island way of life. This understanding of the vernacular forms the project’s conceptual foundation and informs a contemporary architecture that is both durable and rooted in its setting.

Magdalen House reflects a territorial, cultural, and constructive vision, deeply rooted in its context. The quiet beauty of its surroundings, the quality of light, the relationship with the living world, and the richness of the lived experience are central to the project, forming the essential conditions for a lasting attachment to place.

脆弱的地域

A Fragile Territory

该场地位于一片沿海景观之中，由一系列敏感环境依次构成：大西洋、广阔的沙滩、受保护的沙丘、天然悬崖，以及远离海岸线的居住高原。这些环境在群岛的生物多样性、海岸稳定性、地下水保护和生态平衡中发挥着至关重要的作用，整个地貌由侵蚀作用以及主导风力和波浪的动力所塑造。

沙丘生态系统依赖于植被、风力驱动的沙土搬运以及海岸线季节性变化之间的脆弱平衡，因此这些环境极易受到人为干预的影响。其保护取决于维持这些自然过程的持续性，而土地开发和人类活动则容易破坏这种平衡。

针对上述条件，住宅坐落于一个已有的居住高原之上，位置远离受保护的沙丘区域。在初步设计阶段，对这些沙丘环境进行了细致的勘测与界定。土壤承载力、海岸侵蚀以及海洋气候等限制因素，深刻影响了建筑的选址与结构设计。房屋部分结构及其宽敞的露台建于高原边缘，利用最稳定的地基，并以木桩支撑。这种选址策略完整保护了周边敏感环境，减少了开挖工程，降低了混凝土用量，最大限度地减轻对原有土壤和植被的影响，同时保持了与沙丘、海滩及大西洋之间的直接视觉联系。

该项目在不侵扰或破坏的前提下，建立起建筑与当地生态系统的和谐关系，鼓励人们以尊重的态度与本地动植物互动，包括栖息于此的多种鸟类和狐狸。

The site is located within a coastal landscape characterized by a succession of sensitive environments: the Atlantic Ocean, a wide sandy beach, protected dunes, a natural bluff, and, set back from the shore, an inhabited plateau. These environments play a fundamental role in the archipelago’s biodiversity, coastal stability, groundwater protection, and ecological balance, in a landscape shaped by erosion and the dynamics of prevailing winds and waves.

The dune ecosystem depends on a fragile balance between vegetation, wind-driven sand transport, and the seasonal dynamics of the coastline, making these environments particularly vulnerable to human intervention. Their preservation depends on maintaining these natural processes, which are easily disrupted by land development and human presence.

In response to these conditions, the house is situated on an existing inhabited plateau, set back from the protected dune environments, which were carefully surveyed and delineated during the preliminary design phase. Constraints related to soil bearing capacity, coastal erosion, and the maritime climate strongly informed the building’s siting and structural design. Positioned along the edge of the plateau to take advantage of the most stable ground, part of the house and its large terrace are supported on timber piles. This siting strategy preserves the sensitive environments in their entirety, limits excavation, reduces the amount of concrete required, and minimizes impacts on the existing soil and vegetation, while maintaining a direct visual connection with the dunes, the beach, and the Atlantic Ocean.

The project establishes a relationship between architecture and local ecosystems without intrusion or disturbance, encouraging a respectful engagement with the local flora and fauna, including the many bird species and foxes that inhabit the site.

马格达伦乡土风格

Magdalen Vernacular

建筑设计源于对马格达伦地区乡土建筑的当代诠释，即一种熟悉而持久的建筑语言，能够随时间延续发展。通过对当地建筑类型、简洁形式、山墙屋顶以及传统构造细节的研究，设计出既低调又具有辨识度的建筑形态。

马格达伦房屋于19世纪末至20世纪初在马格达伦群岛出现，是阿卡迪亚式住宅在当地的一种适应性演变。其特点包括简洁的山墙形式、一层半的布局、紧凑的平面设计、使用抗风和耐盐雾侵蚀的材料，以及适合暴露于海洋气候环境的雪松木瓦屋顶。

这些元素共同构成了一种统一的建筑语言，直接回应了岛屿生活所面临的气候、材料与后勤等多重限制。这种建筑类型体现了文化遗产、自然环境与舒适追求之间持久的平衡，随着时间推移，逐渐成为马格达伦群岛建筑景观的标志性特征。

这一设计理念促进了过去、现在与未来的延续性，既植根于经久考验的传统建造方式，又在形式与细节上呈现出当代简约的表达。

材质的运用进一步深化了这一思考。雪松木瓦覆盖了屋顶和外墙，随着时间推移自然风化为银灰色。露台和木桩结构采用东部铁杉建造，这种木材非常适合海洋气候环境。护栏选用耐盐雾腐蚀的船用级不锈钢网。室内以天然材料为主：松木地板与墙面护板，搭配北美天然石材饰面，延续了与周围景观的对话。照明灯具来自魁北克制造商，定制木作则由卡普-奥-穆勒岛的一位木匠精心打造。业主为项目挑选的艺术品和陶瓷作品，全部出自马格达伦群岛的艺术家和工匠之手。

The architectural concept is rooted in a contemporary reading of the Magdalen vernacular, understood as a familiar and enduring architectural language capable of evolving across time. The study of local building typologies, simple forms, gable roofs, and traditional construction details informs the design of a building that is at once discreet and recognizable.

The Magdalen house emerged in the Magdalen Islands between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as a local adaptation of the Acadian house. It is characterized by a simple gable form, a one-and-a-half-storey layout, a compact floor plan, the use of materials resistant to wind and salt air, and a cedar shingle roof suited to an exposed maritime climate.

Together, these elements form a coherent architectural language of direct responses to the climatic, material, and logistical constraints of island life. This building type reflects a lasting balance between cultural heritage, environmental conditions, and the pursuit of comfort, becoming over time a defining feature of the Magdalen built landscape.

This approach fosters continuity between past, present, and future, grounding the project in a time-tested building tradition while maintaining a contemporary and minimalist expression of form and detail.

Materiality extends this reflection. Cedar shingles clad both the roof and exterior walls, weathering naturally to a silvery grey over time. The exposed structure of the terrace and timber piles is built from eastern hemlock, a species well suited to the maritime climate. The guardrails are made of marine-grade stainless steel mesh, selected for its resistance to salt air. Inside, natural materials predominate: pine flooring and wall paneling, together with North American natural stone surfaces, continue the dialogue with the surrounding landscape. Light fixtures are sourced from a Quebec manufacturer, while the custom millwork is crafted by a woodworker based in Cap-aux-Meules Island. The artwork and ceramics selected by the clients for the project were all created by artists and artisans from the Magdalen Islands.

简约的建造方式

Simplicity of Means

住宅围绕基本功能进行布局。紧凑而清晰的平面设计在优化空间的同时，提供了宽敞的居住区域。起居空间朝西，面向景观与落日，卧室则可享受清晨的阳光。该方案的核心是一个中央服务核心，将厨房、设备间、浴室以及通往夹层的楼梯集中在一起。双层挑高的起居空间在不增加建筑占地面积的前提下增强了空间的体量感，而大面积的开窗则延伸了对景观的体验。

在此地，简洁的建造手法回应了岛屿环境所面临的成本与物流挑战，要求做出审慎决策。项目与马格达伦群岛的承包商和工匠密切合作，优先采用适应当地条件的建造方式。

The house is organized around essential functions. A compact, legible floor plan optimizes space while offering generous living space. The living areas face west, toward the landscape and the setting sun, while the bedrooms benefit from the morning light. At the heart of the plan, a central service core brings together the kitchen, utility spaces, bathroom, and staircase leading to the mezzanine level. The double-height living space enhances the sense of volume without increasing the building’s footprint, while large openings extend the experience of the landscape.

Here, simplicity of means responds to an island context where cost and logistics require careful decisions. Developed in collaboration with contractors and craftspeople from the Magdalen Islands, the project favours construction solutions adapted to the site.

与土地共生

Building with the Territory

马格达伦住宅提出了一种深深扎根于土地的建筑理念。它汲取了马格达伦群岛的自然景观、气候与文化灵感，并非将传统民居形式视为固定不变的传统加以保存，而是将其理解为一种能够随时间演进的活态建筑传统。在这一极为敏感的环境中，项目表明可持续性不仅取决于建筑本身的性能，更在于其能否通过持续使用、维护以及代际传承，在环境中长久存续。

Magdalen House proposes an architecture deeply rooted in the land. Inspired by the landscape, climate, and culture of the Magdalen Islands, it does not seek to preserve the vernacular as a fixed tradition, but rather to understand it as a living architectural tradition capable of evolving over time. In this particularly sensitive context, the project suggests that sustainability depends not only on the performance of buildings, but also on their ability to endure within their environment through continued use, maintenance, and transmission across generations.