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Hacker：如何通过学校的设计来培养适合中学生发展的社会独立性，确保他们在成长为世界公民的过程中受到激励，主动学习，并超越自我进行思考？
Hacker: How can the design of a school foster the social independence that is developmentally appropriate for middle school students, ensuring that they are inspired to take initiative for their own learning and to think beyond themselves as they mature into global citizens?
法裔美籍国际学校(FAIS)在计划用永久性结构取代他们有20年历史的模块化教室时开始思考这些问题。当时，学生们在分散的模块式建筑中上课，连接通道分布在室外，在多雨的天气里，没有干燥、温暖的社交空间供学生聚会、非正式学习或独立探索，这促使FAIS选择新的初中作为他们的第一个优先项目。
The French American International School (FAIS) began thinking about these issues in planning for the replacement of their 20-year-old modular classrooms with permanent structures. At the time, middle schoolers were taught in scattered, modular buildings with outdoor circulation in a rainy climate and no dry, tempered social spaces for gathering, informal learning, or independent student discovery, which led FAIS to choose the new Middle School as their first prioritized project.
FAIS为中学和校园规划的其他部分设定了大胆的可持续性和弹性目标。他们的教学方法是多语言和国际化的，其目标是培养下一代的全球领导人和创造性思想家；这也受到了邻近的森林和学生可以在那里观察到的栖息地、生态系统和生命周期的丰富的实践学习机会的强烈影响。
FAIS set bold goals for sustainability and resilience for the Middle School and the rest of their campus plan. Their pedagogy is multi-lingual and internationally focused, and their goal is to prepare the next generation of global leaders and creative thinkers; it has also been strongly influenced by the adjacent forest and the bounty of hands-on learning opportunities in the habitats, ecosystems, and life cycles students can observe there.
设计方案的灵感来自于场地下坡的护理木，它们的分解物是森林中原生的各种苗木的营养基质。Hacker对这个26500平方英尺的项目的设想来自于这种繁殖力：为中学生创造栖息地，让他们的心灵、思想和身体得到滋养，与他们的老师共同工作，并挑战他们找到自己的灵感和独立性。
The design solution took inspiration from the nurse logs downslope of the site, whose decomposing mass serve as a nutritive substrate for a diversity of seedlings native to the forest. Hacker’s vision for the 26,500-square-foot project emerged out of this fecundity: to create habitat for middle schoolers that would feed their hearts, minds, and bodies, to work in community with their teachers, and challenge them to find their own inspiration and independence.
设计理念将这些项目空间组合起来，创造了“森林中的小木屋”，这是另一个受森林环境启发的设计理念：14间教室，5个教师室和行政办公室。无论是室内还是室外，每间小屋的四面墙都用木头包覆，将森林带入建筑，模糊了内外的界限。
The design concept clusters these program spaces to create “cabins in the woods,” another design concept inspired by the forest setting: fourteen classrooms, five teacher pods and administration offices. Whether interior or exterior, each cabin’s four walls are clad in wood, bringing the forest through the building and blurring the lines between inside and out.
这些小木屋顺着场地的地形，被组织成一个回旋镖的形状，然后在一个屋顶下结合起来，其雕塑般的形式勾勒出远处森林的景色。小木屋之间的空间由大型可开启的窗户界定，在视觉和听觉上将居民与沿森林一侧的森林栖息地和沿校园一侧沿线的社区活动联系起来。
These cabins are organized in a boomerang shape that follows the site’s topography then unites under a roof whose sculptural form frames the view of the forest beyond. The space between the cabins is defined by large operable windows that visually and audibly connect inhabitants to sylvan habitat along the forest wing and to the community activity along the campus wing.
一个活跃的单层走廊提供了非正式的社交学习机会，同时也是一个中央的两层聚会空间，它决定了入口顺序，并促进了整个建筑回旋镖形式的路径。这种配置提供了充足的日光和与景观的联系，同时提供了自然的交叉通风。
该项目符合AIA 2030指南和俄勒冈州能源信托公司的净零能耗计划。
A lively single-loaded corridor provides informal social learning along with the Hub, a central two-story gathering space that anchors the entry sequence and promotes wayfinding throughout the building’s boomerang form. This configuration provides ample daylight and a connection to the landscape while simultaneously allowing cross-ventilation to occur naturally.
The project is compliant with AIA 2030 guidelines and the Energy Trust of Oregon’s Path to Net Zero program.
▽设计图纸 Design drawing
项目名称：French American International School – Gilkey International Middle School
项目地点：美国 俄勒冈州 波特兰
项目经理：Steffee Knudsen
设计负责人：David Keltner
项目建筑师：Sarah Post Holmberg
设计团队：Lewis Williams
建筑与室内：Hacker
景观：PLACE
土木工程师：Standridge
结构工程师：Madden&Baughman
机械和管道工程师：PAE
电气工程师：PAE
客户：French American International School
摄影：Bruce Damonte
Project name: French American International School – Gilkey International Middle School
Location: Portland, Oregon
Hacker Design Team: Stefee Knudsen – Project Manager ,David Keltner – Design Principal, Sarah Post-Holmberg – Project Architect, Lewis Williams – Design Team
Architecture and Interiors: Hacker
Landscape: PLACE
Civil Engineer: Standridge
Structural Engineer: Madden & Baughman
Mechanical & Plumbing Engineer: PAE
Electrical Engineer: PAE
Client: French American International School
Photography: Bruce Damonte
“ 打破传统教学楼空间的模块化设计，打造众多有趣而具有探索性的空间吸引学生们主动学习和自我思考。”
审稿编辑: SIM
更多 Read more about: Hacker
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