开放而包容的校园景观，澳大利亚本迪戈坎培门职业技术学院 / SBLA Studio

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SBLA Studio：澳大利亚本迪戈坎培门学院(BKI)获得了州政府的一笔拨款，用于提升现有建筑，并创建一个适合21世纪TAFE（Technical And Further Education的简称，职业技术教育学院）的新公共领域。该公共领域旨在创建一个校园，营造一个开放而包容的学习环境，一系列花园和庭院空间为工作人员、学生和动物带来了独特的景观。

“我们的本能反应往往是从损害和破坏的角度来理解‘拆除’这一行为活动。然而，在不同的语境中，我们可以将拆除行为视为一种清理和重新配置的行为。拆除也是一场革命——一种突然而明显的变化，一种对空间和历史的重新描绘。”——Rebecca Russell and Ken Evans的《拆除》

自然环境是强大而持久的，如果任其发展，随着时间的推移，即使是被改变最多的景观也会被无情地恢复原状。在为BKI进行景观设计时，我们希望将这些过去的遗迹“颠倒过来”，将场地作为一个平台，让当地的植物回归并进行环境修复。

SBLA Studio：Bendigo Kangan Institute received a state government grant to upgrade its existing buildings and to provide a new public realm suitable for a 21st century TAFE. The public realm is the creation of a campus that offers a welcoming and open learning environment, via the site narrative of “Upside Down Country” it brings the endemic landscape to the foreground through a series of gardens and courtyard spaces for staff, students and fauna.

“Our reflex, most often, is to understand demolition in terms of damage and destruction. However, contextualised differently, we can regard the act of demolishing as an act of clearing, of re-configuring. A demolition is also a revolution — an abrupt and palpable change, a re-drawing of both space and history.” – Demolish by Rebecca Russell and Ken Evans

The natural environment is powerful and lasting and if left to its own devises, over time will unforgivingly reclaim even the most altered landscape. When approaching the landscape design for BKI we looked at turning these past remnants ‘upside down,’ using the site as a platform to invite endemic planting to come back, repair and perhaps evolve into a more prominent and lasting version of its hidden past.

BKI景观设计的主要原则如下 The key principles of the BKI landscape design are as follows:

森林中的城市 A city in a forest
支持本迪戈市创建“森林之城”的意图。SBLA将这一理念应用到场地中，创造了一个绿色的校园，一系列相连的庭院为工作人员和学生提供了凉爽的区域。

Support the City of Bendigo’s intent to create a ‘City in a Forest’. SBLA applied this ideology to the site by providing a green campus, with a series of connected courtyards that contained cool areas for staff and students.

可渗透的校园 A permeable campus
交通系统包含狭窄的通道、小尺度的巷道、桥梁、坡道、楼梯和步行区域，这些区域由标高变化、扶手、护柱和大门分隔和界定。虽然交通系统看起来复杂而不规则，但它提供了许多细微的步行体验，并使人们在到达每个空间时感到愉悦。设计通过使用统一性的材料来提高场所凝聚力，赋予了每条通道不同的特征和意义，还通过景观设计来定义目标空间、拆除护柱和扶手来减少人行道的杂乱感，并降低场地的落差感。

The circulation network contains narrow passages, fine scale laneways, bridges, ramps, staircases and pedestrian areas segregated and defined by level changes, handrails, bollards and gates. Although the circulation network could seem complex and irregular it provides many fine grain pedestrian experiences, and delight on encountering each space. Cohesion was improved through a consistency of materials, defining a character and identity for each passage, framing views through landscaping to define destination points, de-cluttering the footpaths by removing bollards and handrails, and simplifying level changes.

材料 Materials
校园中包含了丰富的材料，通过建筑立面材料和混合的铺装材料共同讲述着关于场地的故事。铺装材料包括彩色混凝土、混凝土道路和铺装材料，红色、黄色和灰色的砖带和镶边、透水铺装和草皮等。材料的不同运用和组合方式共同奠定了一个坚实的地面基础，结合植物软景处理，可以使空间形成舒适而和谐的整体。

SBLA选择了柔和且温暖色调的材料。从被拆除的建筑中回收的砖块被用于建造座位下方的石笼网墙。我们选用木材作为家具，并将砖块铺在花园床的边缘，作为一种象征景观在突破和修复时重新出现的姿态。我们还选用与当地协调的本土植物红色铁皮树，与黑色粉末涂层的凉亭和定制设计的座位区相邻。

The campus contains a rich assortment of materials telling a story through time with its tapestry of building facades and medley of paving materials. Paving materials include coloured concrete, concrete paths and pavers, brick banding and edging in red, yellow and grey, permeable pavers, some turf and tanbark. The built form provides a sturdy foundation and with some softening and simplification it can develop to sit comfortably in unison.

SBLA chose a soft warm palette of materials. Reclaimed brick from demolished buildings were used in gabion walls built for seating. We chose timber for furniture and feathered the brick paving along the edges of garden beds, as a gesture to symbolise the re-emergence of the landscape as it breaks through and repairs. We coordinated an endemic and native planting palette that features endemic red ironbark tree species that sit adjacent to black powder coated arbours and custom designed seating areas.

暂停和联系的地方 Places for pause and connection:
园区内现有的户外空间由建筑占地面积在空间上界定。这些建筑的不规则形式和组合形成了独特的庭院空间，为学生提供了小型的，满足他们就坐、暂停、思考或进行冥想活动的场所。这些院庭院鼓励学生们聚在一起进行社交活动，同时也为辅导、学习、接待和表演提供了户外的适应性空间。拟议的校园BKI建筑配置也进一步加强了庭院空间的网络结构。渴望被包容，在日常“平凡”中有明确的边界感却又渴求变化是人类的本性，这些庭院正好从形式上满足了这一点，错综复杂而又鼓舞人心的小空间网络，可以令人感到熟悉和安全。

The existing outdoor spaces within the campus are spatially defined by the building footprints. The irregular forms and coming together of these buildings have allowed distinctive courtyards to emerge that provide small scale places for students to sit, pause, reflect or engage in quiet activity. The courtyards celebrate the coming together of students to socialise as well as provide outdoor adaptable spaces for tutoring, learning, hospitality and performance. The proposed BKI building configuration for the campus imparts a strengthening of the network of courtyard spaces. It is human nature to desire to be contained, have solid boundaries and variation in the everyday ‘mundane’. Through their physical form, these courtyards provide exactly that; an intricate network of inspiring small spaces designed to feel familiar and secure.

考虑用户群体 Considering the user groups
BKI支持不同的学生群体，从难民，到那些抱着孩子继续学业的年轻妈妈们，再到那些离少年拘留所只有一步之遥的年轻人。

SBLA工作室了解到，在BKI寻求教育的学生需要能感受到自己被接纳、被支持、被相信和被激励，以保持对他们的学习的投入。我们试图利用杂乱的校园布局作为契机，创造直接与学习室相邻的亲密空间。其目的是让学生置身于一个绿色的、人性化的空间里，可以让他们具有安全感。我们对此项目的期望是让学生慢慢地在较小的空间里获得自信，找到属于自己的一条道路，并随着时间的推移寻找更大的公共区域，找到属于自己更广阔的天地。

BKI supports a diverse cohort of students from refugees; to young mums resuming their studies with children in hand; to youths one step away from juvenile detainment.

SBLA Studio gained an understanding that the array of students seeking education at BKI needed to feel held, supported, empowered and inspired, in order to retain engaged with their studies. We sought to utilise the rambling campus layout as an opportunity to create intimate spaces directly adjacent to the learning rooms. The intent was for students to be in a green, human scaled spaces with that evoked a sense of safety. Our desire for this project was for students to slowly gain confidence finding their way within the smaller spaces, and over time seeking out the larger communal areas.

建造和施工过程 The building and construction process
该项目以30%的投标留档进行了建筑商更新流程。SBLA工作室一直致力于在财务上可行的情况下保持尽可能多的影响力。我们对一些价值管理流程提出异议，以寻求更节约的方式。其中的一个关键部分是砖块铺设，此问题共被提出了八次，最终由灰色混凝土代替了砖块铺路。我们主张对受污染的土壤进行适当的覆盖，并将无污染的表土引入花园床区使用，因为我们坚信在TAFE环境中使用的土壤必须是安全的，这一点至关重要。项目经理对项目进行了三次变更，施工阶段是在墨尔本第一次疫情封锁期间进行的，当时实行了旅行限制，而我们为TAFE提供高质量领域的热情从未停止过，我们的顽坚持使我们对空间的愿景得以实现。

The project was subject to a builder novated process at 30% tender documentation. SBLA Studio remained committed to maintaining as much influence in the process as financially feasible. We contested a number of value management processes to seek alternative financial savings. A critical component that was realised in the built design is the brick paving. This was tabled eight times throughout a number of value management sessions with grey concrete being put forward as its substitute. We advocated for proper capping of contaminated soil and the importance of bringing in non-contaminated topsoil for use in garden bed areas as critical as we firmly believed that the soil needed to be safe for use in a TAFE setting. The Project Manager changed three times on the project and the construction phase was carried out during the first Melbourne covid lockdown when travel restrictions were imposed. Our enthusiasm to deliver a high-quality realm for the TAFE never ceased and our dogged persistence enabled our vision for the space to be realised.

▽设计图纸 Design drawings

项目名称：Bendigo Kagan TAFE Institute
完成年份：2020年
预算：300万美元
项目地点：154 Hargreaves St, Bendigo VIC 3550
Lands of the Dja Dja Wurrung of the Kulin Nation.
景观/建筑公司：SBLA Studio
网址：www.sbla.net.au
联系人电子邮件：christa@sbla.net.au
首席建筑师：Architectus with Six Degrees Architects
客户：Bendigo Kangan Institute of TAFE
合作者：Thunda, Paul Aburrow, Lorraine Brigdale, Annie Brigdale
Gabrielle Gamble, Erin Penrose, Sandy Owen, Dianne Turner, Sue Allengame
Trina Dalton-Oogjes
图片来源：Pier Carthew
摄影师网站：https://piercarthew.com/

Project Name: Bendigo Kagan TAFE Institute
Completion Year: 2020
Budget: $3m
Project Location: 154 Hargreaves St, Bendigo VIC 3550
Lands of the Dja Dja Wurrung of the Kulin Nation.
Landscape/Architecture Firm: SBLA Studio
Website: www.sbla.net.au
Contact e-mail: christa@sbla.net.au
Lead Architects: Architectus with Six Degrees Architects
Clients: Bendigo Kangan Institute of TAFE
Collaborators: Thunda, Paul Aburrow, Lorraine Brigdale, Annie Brigdale
Gabrielle Gamble, Erin Penrose, Sandy Owen, Dianne Turner, Sue Allengame
Trina Dalton-Oogjes
Photo Credits: Pier Carthew
Photographer’s Website: https://piercarthew.com/