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Thanks SLF for authorizing the publication of the project on mooool, Text description provided by SLF.
第六届上海景观论坛于2019年11月2日下午在上海机遇中心成功举办。此次论坛尝试从一个广义的主题出发，洞悉景观行业的困境。以AECOM上海景观部门设计总监Lee Parks先生提出的失序为主话题，三组演讲嘉宾围绕“城市失序（Urban Disorder）”、“机制混乱（System Disorder）”及“环境变化（Climate Disorder）”三个细分方向展开了深层次、多方位地探讨。他们基于自身的学术背景及在中国及国际的实践经验，与观众分享了他们对于景观技术、感知、社会、精神等方面的深入观察与建议。
The sixth Shanghai Landscape Forum was held at the AIO Space on the afternoon of November 2nd, 2019. This forum tries to observe the difficulties of landscape profession from a broad theme “Disorder”, raised by Lee Parks, Director of Landscape Architecture AECOM Shanghai. Based on the practice in China and overseas, the guest speakers discussed landscape technology, sensation, social responsibilities, and spiritual contributions. A series of rich-layered, inter-disciplinary topic was discussed around the three topics -“Urban Disorder”, “System Disorder” and “Climate Disorder”.
本次论坛首次尝试公开征稿，并由AECOM, Sasaki Associates, SWA, Aspect Studios, HASSELL五家国际设计公司的董事、主创设计师组成审稿委员会，从30余份来稿中投票选取7篇作为论坛演讲内容。5家深度合作媒体及3家特邀媒体与论坛主办方展开战略合作,并对此次活动进行宣传报道。陈逸飞工作室-上海逸飞·环境艺术公司、杜纳如密原石厚板、Brickform砖形、及上海酷潘游乐设施作为本次活动的赞助商出席，共同助力上海景观论坛。论坛采用中英文双语同声传译，以面向更广大行业群体。同时上海景观论坛也一直是美国景观设计师协会ASLA PPN海外倾力支持的盛会。
The forum had the first attempt to accept public applications for presentation. A review board committee is formed up by principals and directors from 5 international firms，which are AECOM, Sasaki Associates, SWA, Aspect Studios and HASSELL. Finally, 7 presentations stood out from over 30 applications. 5 In-depth cooperation media and 3 invited media provided continuous coverage of the event. Yifei Chen Art Studio, DONNERRUMI, Brickform and KOMPAN are the sponsors supporting this event. The forum used real time translation for broader audience. American Society of Landscape Architecture (ASLA) PPN is also supporting this event.
上海景观论坛委员会在努力推动景观建筑设计在中国，特别是上海市场的发展的同时，也积极促进与海外同类型权威组织与机构的交流与互动。在2019年11月16日于美国圣地亚哥举行的美国景观建筑师协会（ASLA）全美年会上，上海景观论坛的三位主要发起人，AECOM上海景观部门设计总监Lee Parks先生、Sasaki Associates上海总监张斗女士，以及SWA集团董事张树仪女士将进行主题教育宣讲，介绍上海景观论坛的发展历程、经验及未来计划。
Shanghai Landscape Forum (SLF) Committee aims to promote the development of landscape architecture in China, especially in Shanghai market. Meanwhile, SLF actively reaches out to those authoritative organizations and institutions overseas.
The three main founders of SLF, Lee Parks, Director of Landscape Architecture AECOM Shanghai, Dou Zhang, Principal of Sasaki Shanghai office, and Shuyi Chang, SWA Group Principal, will present SLF as a continue education session to share SLF’s history, experience, and future plans at San Diego ASLA Annual Conference on November 16th, 2019.
让我们一起来回顾论坛当天精采的演讲：
Below are the summary of the 6th SLF presentations:
▼活动视频 Active video
Session A: 城市失序Urban Disorder
▼主题：精神失序——应对城市精神健康的策略性计划
Mental Disorder – A Strategic Plan to Tackle with Urban Mental Issue
演讲嘉宾：蔡淦东 Gandong Cai、蔡明洁 Mingjie Cai
蔡淦东和蔡明洁的演讲将人们带入设计的精神世界。他们认为，无论空间抑或是机制的秩序都密切影响着城市的“公共健康”。但往往被忽视的是，公共健康除了“物理”层面之外还包括“精神”层面；且与物理层面的公共健康得到广泛讨论和重视不同的是，精神层面的公共健康长期缺乏关注。演讲人认为，当前人们精神健康需求与城市生活环境之间日益增强的不对等所导致的“失序”，亟待相关的设计策略来探讨与疏导。
Gandong and Mingjie’s presentation brought people into a spiritual world of design. They think that the order in our cities in regard to space or system has a strong relationship with public health, which brings up the issue of order/disorder as a recent concern within the design disciplines. Unlike physical health which has been fully discussed, mental health issues that aggregate the disorderliness in urban milieu have long been neglected. The growing disconnection between people’s mental demands and the living environment in our communities is calling for the engagement of design disciplines to mitigate the problem.
在“失序”的议题之下，他们的研究提出能否在灰色基础设施以及绿色基础设施之后，通过构筑一层‘精神基础设施’，为城市的‘精神健康’需求提供系统性的策略，同时在城市的公共生活中搭建起综合性的共享结构；如何通过“情景为基”的模型研究，探索针对不同城市特定“精神健康”问题的不同应对策略。
Under the topic of urban disorder, their research investigates the possibility of inserting a new layer of “spiritual infrastructure”, after the gray infrastructure and the green infrastructure, as an urban strategy to tackle mental issues with a systematic approach, and establishes a comprehensive sharing structure. A scenario-based model was mentioned as a research method for coping identified mental issues in different cities.
在演讲中选取了研究城市之一的东京为例，探讨在大都市语境下，“孤独”作为东京人群“精神层面”的一种“失序”引发的社会问题。通过构建 “东京树洞计划”，设计者以一套遍布城市的“精神基础设施”网络，为“孤独个体”提供治愈性的独处空间，以应对“失序”。在“东京树洞计划”中，设计者通过激活闲置的临街商铺，搭建高层之间的连廊，以及开发地下空间来创造三种类型的树洞空间，为进入“树洞”的人分别提供了三个景观元素作为“陪伴者”：树，天和水。
The presentation introduced the award-winning project in which the presenters selected Tokyo for discussing how urban loneliness as a mental disorder has caused social problems in the city. To tackle with the urban disorder, a spiritual infrastructure network of Urban Tree Hole is designed to provide small places in the city for lonely individuals to stay. In the plan the proposers inserted tree-hole spaces by either reinvigorating redundant store on the street side, creating corridor between buildings, or excavating underground space. Also, landscape elements are introduced into the space as “companions” for the lonely people in the proposal.
Session B: 机制混乱System Disorder
▼主题：景观的社会框架
Social Framework of Landscape
公司名：Lab D+H
演讲嘉宾：钟惠城 Huicheng Zhong （钟先生因特殊原因未能到场，由委员会成员叶闻博Terry Ye为其代讲）
景观设计师在设计过程中斡旋各方并积极地影响公众参与，固然是极佳的运作机制。然而，在机制较固化的地产项目中，公共参与、创造面向大众的公共空间机会少之又少，设计师的角色也十分有限。在这样的项目环境下，设计师如何通过设计本身，撬开一扇与公共沟通的窗口，是钟惠城真正关心的内容。
It is an ideal scenario for landscape architects to be actively involved in communication among parties and community participation. However, for traditional commercial projects, it’s hard to break the frozen mechanism where chances for open space and public engagement are rare. How do landscape architects use design itself to open a window for public engagement is the key focus for Huicheng.
演讲以Lab D+H的设计实践为案例，分享通过公共空间的设计策略博弈私有空间的经历与经验。面对由资本驱动的商业项目，设计师需要“智慧”地与业主进行斡旋，将公共空间的设计框架隐藏于商业运作的逻辑中，以便最终实现双赢。
Based on Lab D+H’s design practice, the speech will share experience and lessons regarding using public space design frameworks to challenge privately owned spaces. Facing capital driven commercial projects, designers should be smart enough to hide their open space strategy within the commercial logics for a win-win result.
在以资本为驱动的商业环境下，Lab D+H基于大众利益的立场，发展出了一套具有社会属性的设计框架。他们提出景观社会框架的六大属性：1. 斡旋公共与私有；2. 斡旋商业利益；3. 具有广泛的包容性；4. 斡旋品质与速度；5. 具有设计结果的开放性；6. 具有时间维度上的远见。
In a capital driven commercial environment, Lab D+H has developed a design framework with social character, based on the stand point of public interest. Their social landscape framework contains six characters: 1. To be able to negotiate between the public and the private; 2. To be able to negotiate between commercial interest and social interest; 3. To be inclusive in terms of design; 4. To be able to negotiate between quality and speed; 5. To be open-ended in terms of result; 6. To be visionary with resistance at the beginning.
▼主题：奔跑中的城市
City on the Run
公司名：Gensler
演讲嘉宾：刘思佳Sijia Liu
城市化进入下半场，市民对日常都市景观空间的要求也变得日益个性化和复杂化，开始呼唤新的城市景观塑造机制。刘思佳作为一个热爱探索城市空间的夜跑一族，同时也是一名建筑设计从业者，通过在芝加哥等城市近四年的生活经验，亲身体验了各方各层级对城市景观的塑造与重铸。对比上海各滨江公园的景观与空间设计，发现并例举了现在国内景观设计实践中的各种问题，并提出了问题的根源在于机制失序的推论。
As urbanization entering the next phase, citizens have more individualized and comprehensive need for urban landscape space and call for new social system for urban landscape area. As a night runner and an architectural designer, Sijia Liu witnessed and experienced how different forces drove the formation and iteration of urban landscape through her past 4 years in Chicago and other cities. By comparing landscape and space design with riverfront parks in Shanghai, she observed critical issues in landscape practice caused by system disorder.
演讲者在本次演讲中以芝加哥与上海为代表，分析对比了中外城市的城市景观背后的社会机制差异。并建议景观设计师在监管部门的监督下，和其他各方人员从提高项目透明度，促进公共交流，和发展社区合作这三个方面，试图探索未来适应国内现状地可持续性完善社会机制的方法和方向。并希望通过可持续发展的社会机制中项目本身，社会团体，社会个人三方互相之间持续不断的正反馈，鼓励越来越多的市民为上海景观发展和社会机制发展出一份力。
In this talk, by taking Chicago and Shanghai as instances, the presenter analyzed and compared the social systems behind the urban landscape between Chinese and foreign cities. Then she discussed the direction and methods of sustainably optimizing the social system in China from three aspects of improving the transparency of public projects, improving public communication, and developing the cooperation with local communities. Through the positive interaction among the project, public groups and citizens, increasing number of citizens would be encouraged to make efforts for the development of Shanghai landscape and social system.
Session C: 环境恶化Climate Disorder
▼主题：参与性生态：失序条件下的源头管理
Biophilic Eco-design: adaptive measures at source in response to disorder
公司名：张唐景观 自然工作室 | Biophilic Lab, Z+T Studio
演讲嘉宾：王墨Mo Wang
由于近年来持续上升的变率，使得从业人员和公众，对所制定的缓解性策略和适应性措施感到焦虑。担心这方面工作一旦失败引发了不可逆转的后果。正因为如此，诸如低影响开发（LID）在内的适应性措施在近十年来的研究也得到了显著提升。
Due to the increasing rate of climate change in recent years, the public are anxious about the mitigation strategies and adaptive measures. It is feared that the failure of this work will lead to irreversible consequences. Because of this, adaptive measures such as low impact development (LID) have also been significantly improved in the past decade.
王墨博士的研究主要集中在两个方面，一个是关于景观水文的风险评估机制，另一个则是对应的适应性措施的空间优化：在风险评估方面，侧重于建立特征条件与风险之间的关系，构建相应的简化模型算法。在适应性措施空间优化中，试图通过情景模拟综合气候变化和城市化等外部动态因素。这不仅有助于设计师理解近期决策对远期环境所造成的影响，更重要的是可以发现潜在的不确定性，以制定更为周全的适应性措施。
Dr. Mo Wang’s research focuses on two aspects, one is the spatial assessment of urban hydrology risk, and the other is spatial allocation strategies and optimization of adaptive measures. In the aspect of risk spatial assessment, the research should focus on establishing the relationship between characteristic conditions and risk, and constructing the corresponding simplified model algorithm. In spatial allocation strategies and optimization, the research tries to integrate external dynamic factors such as climate change and urbanization through scenario simulation. This will not only help designers to understand the impact of recent decisions on the long-term environment, but also help to find potential uncertainties to develop more comprehensive adaptive measures.
以大鱼公园为例，王墨博士介绍了如何利用情景模拟评估工具为项目最后LID措施决策提供参照，为生态设计提供了科学严谨的研究案例，项目过程在不断和自然的斡旋中完成。然而研究发现，LID措施本身存在不确定性，当今行业实践需求远远大于理论积累，该措施的基础研究尚需加强。
Dr. Mo Wang introduced how to make LID application decisions using a multi scenario simulation using Dory Park as an example, demonstrating a meticulous study for ecological design. Associated construction was finished during observation and negotiation with nature. However, LID methods has its uncertainty during research. The accumulation of research data could not satisfy the requirement of overwhelming practices. Some basic studies of the method still need to be enhanced.
▼主题：压力下的城市
City Under Pressure
公司名：ARUP
演讲嘉宾：Simon Yue
Simon Yue介绍了ARUP参与的上海排水系统整体规划竞赛的获奖项目。该项目首先分析了上海排水系统设施的症结，随后根据城市区域特征类型，分析并量化每种城市特征类型中的潜在发展面积，将分析结果匹配并运用到相应的系统性措施中。
Simon Yue introduced ARUP’s winning proposal for Shanghai Drainage System Planning Competition. The project first identifies the overall problem of the infrastructural problems of Shanghai’s drainage system and then proposes a methodology of quantifying the city into typologies in create a systematic approach to this complex and enormous problem.
该提案将城市区域进行具体划分，以更好地应对项目的复杂性，有针对地提出了规划建议及可行性高的设计方案，并协助上海开发应对气候变化的近期和未来策略。这一系列设计策略包括譬如通过景观干预，使排水进入上海老化的下水道系统之前，能有效减少其污染和沉积物。
Using Machine Learning, the proposal begins quantifying the districts into categories to better communicate the complexities of the project and near term and future strategies that would help Shanghai cope with climate change. Near term and cost effective strategies involved green landscape interventions to filter pollution and sedimentation/dredge before they go into Shanghai’s aging sewerage system.
同时，规划师提出综合管理绿色、蓝色及灰色基础设施的理念，利用现代智能工具检验、控制城市雨水排放路径。该建议进一步解决了老化和恶化的灰色（污水处理系统）基础设施的问题，将灰色系统与上述绿色系统进行扩展和协同作用，创建符合城市近期和远景的经济高效，可实施和可管理的设计解决方案。
Using Green, Blue, and Grey color morphology to indicate the intricacy of the systems, the proposal that further tackles the problem of an aging and deteriorating Grey (Sewerage System), the design proposes to expand and synergize the grey system with the above green system to create a cost efficient, implementable, and manageable design solution that catered to the near and far term vision of the city.
▼主题：涨退间的生态：调和关键消落带中的失序
Fluctuating Ecology: To Mitigate Disorder in Critical Riparian Zone
公司名：Sasaki Associates
演讲嘉宾：蔡淦东 Gandong Cai
城市宏观规划以迅猛的速度广泛地在中国城市间开展。与此同时，城市所在区域特有的自然与人文生态系统却因为新的上层规划重视度不高，导致了环境的失衡及恶化。演讲人提出，在流域尺度或是城市尺度都充当着重要生态，人文作用的城市滨水消落带正面临着严重的环境失序。
China’s cities are experiencing a top-down urbanization process rapidly. The diverse natural and social system, at the meantime, are rarely reflected in the planning which results in the loss of balance and order. The presenter argues that the riparian zone in urban area are playing a critical role in both territorial and city scale, but being neglected or treated inappropriately, which results in a functional dis-order within this sensitive environmental zone.
以立体山城重庆为例，因变化剧烈的自然地貌和潮水涨退的特殊性，城市发展出现了超高密度的开
发和错综复杂的高架系统。但此过程中，城市滨水区的公共生活与自然系统所受到的影响往往被人忽视。消落带的失序是城市规划的一道难题，而景观设计师的及时介入可有效应对该环境与文化上出现的复杂问题。景观设计师凭借自身多学科交叉的知识体系，透过多尺度的设计手法，能有效的“缝合”上层规划与本土生态环境间的错位，帮助建立起城市环境的新秩序。
Attribute to Chongqing’s dramatic change in topography and water level, as well as the rapid urban planning and the implementation of road system, new disorder appeared between the urban system and the local natural/living environment. With multi-disciplinary knowledge and cross-scales design methodologies, landscape architect has the ability to recover the displacement between planning and environment, and establish the new order in the city.
Sasaki设计团队通过对消落带生态现状的研究，滨水公共空间可达性与利用情况的分析，提出构建一套新的滨水空间系统以应对目前的失序问题。从生态、活动、联系、名片四个角度阐述设计思路，通过重塑滨江绿色生态、创造多样滨水景观空间、强化滨江区域的可达性及与城市的联系性、活化地标价值等方法，为居民和游客打造了一个具有重庆特色的活力水线公园。设计团队同时提出要提炼消落带景观设计的基本导则，既为应对日后同类项目提供参考与方法论，也有助于城市规划与决策者加强对消落带的重视与前瞻性。
Sasaki team tackles with the questions by developing the research of the flooding area and waterfront accessibility, and comes up with a new landscape system in order to challenge the current disorder. The design team demonstrated design from four perspectives: ecology, activity, connection, and vision. By reconstructing riverfront ecology, creating various waterfront landscape spaces, enhancing accessibility and connectivity, activating landmark value, the design created a lively waterfront park for both residents and tourists with Chongqing local style. The design team suggests a guideline and toolkit for such a critical landscape practice type, for both providing reference and methods for future projects, and enhancing the understanding of riparian zone during the planning and decision-making process.
▼主题：以动物为衡量的景观绩效：生态修复的新视角——为动物而设计
Landscape Performance Measured by Animals: New Perspectives of Ecological Recovery – Design for Animals
公司名：JStudio Research Lab
演讲嘉宾：焦健 Jian Jiao
生态圈中的动物是对环境最为敏感的一个环节，他们的行为、数量、族群都无时无刻在对所处的环境作出反应。焦健的演讲试图借助动物的变化讨论环境的变化。以动物作为绩效的考量标准，从另外一个角度来定义绩效。借助动物作为“景观绩效”的参考与体现，看似在为动物而设计，事实上，是为恢复生态而设计。
In the ecosystem, animals actually are the most sensitive to environment, who have strong perception to environmental changes and respond to it through their action, number and herds. Jian’s presentation discussed environmental changes based on animals’ change. If we take animals as our standard to evaluate performance, using animals as references to and representations of “landscape performance”, which seems that one designs for animals while in fact, one designs for ecological recoveries.
演讲分享了两个研究性内容。第一个研究有关BBC曾经记录过的斯堪的纳维亚半岛上的驯鹿迁徙，这不仅仅是动物界的壮观景象，也是北欧文化的象征。设计师根据景观权重为鹿群迁徙设计生态廊道，同时利用鹿群迁徙过程中对植物的啃食缓解北欧冻土融化的生态问题。
Two different studies were raised. The first study relates to BBC’s once recorded the reindeers’ migration in Scandinavia Peninsula. It is not only the magnificent sight in the animal kingdom, but also the symbol of Nordic culture. Designers reconsidered ecological corridor for deer migration based on weights of landscape, and meanwhile alleviate the trends of permafrost thawing in Nordic areas by leading deer herds to eat plants during their migration.
第二个研究有关鱼类生存。长江宜昌段葛洲坝阻碍中华鲟洄游是自建坝以来就一直被探讨的问题，中华鲟路线被大坝阻断。研究中建议打开大坝废弃的电站区域，利用沙洲减缓水流速度，同时沙岛在下游形成鱼道景观，让鱼可以顺利的穿过大坝洄游。在这一过程中，利用参数化编程结合物理实验的模式进行了模拟实验研究，每一个过程都以量化和景观绩效的思考去探索最佳的景观策略。
The second study relates to fish. It has been long discussed that Gezhou Dam in Yichang section of Yangtze River blocked the Chinese sturgeon migration. Designers hope to open up the abandoned power plant area of the dam, use sand islands to alleviate water velocity, to form Fishway-Island Landscape downstream and allow migration through dam. Designers use parametrization programming combined with models in physical experiments to initiate three experiments on simulation. Each process is based on consideration of quantification and landscape performance as to find evaluate out the best strategy for landscape design.
结语：失序中的摸索
Summary: A Discovery in Disorder
无论对于城市、机制、气候，以及设计中需要面对的种种挑战，失序对于景观设计师而言实为常态。然而设计的可爱之处却正在于在复杂的现实环境中以精巧的方式寻找规避或解决问题的手段。
For all kinds of challenges in design, such as city, system, climate, etc., disorder is indeed a common condition to face for landscape architects, yet the interesting part of design is to avoid or absorb problem through clever methods in complex reality.
同时，设计师应意识到，设计不能解决一切问题，设计仅仅是纷杂生活中的一个简单环节。然而，我们却可以通过设计思维与手段，整合多方资源与力量，在复杂的社会与资本环境中实现对于生态和谐、机制透明、城市开放等的渴望。这是需要全体从业者的耐心和努力的。
In the meantime, designers need to realize that design cannot solve all problems — design is only a small part of everyday life. However, designers could use design thinking and methods to gather resources and forces to gradually realize ecological harmony, systematic transparency, and urban openness through complicated social and capital context, which need patience and efforts from the whole profession.
上海景观论坛会继续关注和探讨景观行业的前沿话题，并定期展开话题分享与讨论。我们期待您的持续参与和关注。
Shanghai Landscape Forum will continue to focus on cutting edge topics for landscape architecture profession and to unfold associated discussion. We look forward to your continuous participation and attention.
关于上海景观论坛
About Shanghai Landscape Forum
上海景观论坛（SLF）是由AECOM, SASAKI, SWA, SOM, ASPECT Studios, HASSELL, TLS，Gossamer等多家国际性景观设计公司自发组成的委员会，定期开展的主题性景观行业分享盛会。自2017年起，上海景观论坛已在众多设计师的共同努力下，成功举办5届活动。委员会一直以”开拓新的实践，催化设计创新、影响政策变革；提升公众对于景观重要贡献的认识；倡导景观行业，使之汇入社会进步的主流推动力”为活动使命，不断尝试新的形式、探讨新的主题，希望以此提升景观行业的影响力，并推进行业的可持续发展。
Shanghai Landscape Forum is a themed landscape professional sharing event initiated by Sasaki, AECOM and SWA in 2017, with participation from SOM, ASPECT Studios, HASSELL, TLS, Gossamer and many other international landscape companies, the forum has grown rapidly. The forum is aimed to ” pioneer new practices that result in design innovation and influence on policy transformation; raise public awareness of landscape architecture’s vital contribution, and advocate landscape architecture into the mainstream driving force for social progress”, and to promote our profession and build a more sustainable tomorrow for the profession.
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