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张唐景观：西安欧亚学院景观改造及总体规划（2021-2030）
Z+T Studio: Landscape Renovation and Planning in Xi’an Eurasia University
©张海
景观提升总体规划 Landscape improvement masterplan
规模：900亩
设计内容：规划、景观
项目时间：2019—2021
Area: 148 Acre
Type: Planning, Landscape
Duration: 2019-2021
▽景观规划总平 Landscape masterplan
现状 Issues
现状的欧亚学院校园以图书馆为中心，环绕分散布置，西侧为学生生活区，东侧为后勤服务区，南、北两侧为教学科研区。校园目前有大量的开敞空间，除了未建设的预留空地，主要是集中绿地、广场和运动场，绿地主要以点或片状分布于教学、图书馆、活动中心区域，运动场地位于学校西南侧。现状建成的主体部分主要集中在校园的西南部分，东侧入口为校园形象。
问题 Existing condition
经过20年的发展建设，校园教学、宿舍、食堂的逐步更新和建设（infill），原有规划中存在的问题逐渐显露，比如道路系统使用了市政道路的一般做法，人车分流式将人行道抬高（但园内主要道路是服务人行，禁止非功能的机动车辆通行）；郁闭的绿化造成空间的封闭，降低了参与性以及未来使用的复合型要求；原有的基础设施在容量、功能上不能满足校园未来的要求。
The campus has developed from 1995. Following the architectural infill and renovation, certain deficiencies in the original masterplan began to emerge in daily operations on campus. A few examples are instructive: campus roads adopt the municipal transportation design of elevated sidewalks separated from vehicles, which is contradicted with the campus use where automobiles are strictly restricted on road; overcrowded plantation engenders enclosed spacial pattern, diminishing user participation and impairing flexibility for future multi-function use; the original infrastructure design fails to anticipate future growth and shifting uses growth.
The original campus plan is organized around the centrally-located library. Student dormitories are arranged to the west with logistic service buildings to the east. To the North and South sit buildings for education and research. The South and West parts of the campus are largely built-up and the East portion of the campus is designated as the main entrance. Open areas, including green space, squares and sports venues, are scattered throughout the campus.
▽欧亚学院现状与规划总平面的图底关系 Building footprint of current Euroasia University layout and new masterplan
▽现状道路按照市政道路的规范与模式规划设计 Existing roads adopt municipal design
策略 Strategies：
依据“亲自然”（biophilic）系统原则，提出“有机生长”的总体规划概念，将欧亚学院视作为生命的有机体，将教学、运动、绿地、商业、形象等多重功能有机组合成复合型空间组团。成长中的学生和生长中的校园，相互影响协调发展，成为一个动态、可持续的过程。重新定义校园内部的绿地空间的功能，利用现有的或增加辅助教学的户外空间；完善校园基础设施建设，落地生态措施，形成校园内部的优质小环境，进一步提高校园抵御极端天气、优化外部环境影响的能力。
此次景观规划设计依据“总体规划、分区设计、分期实施”的策略，与明确近期与远期的建设目标，结合校园的使用情况，提出重点区域、局部提升等区域具体策略；匹配学校重点项目建设，与建设同步设计、同步施工。
Inspired be “biophilic’ principles, the masterplan proposes a vision of ‘organic growth” for its long-term development. Different functions, such as academics, sports, open space, cafeterias and campus focal points are grouped into different compositional cells. The growth and needs of the campus and students interact with each other in a dynamic and sustainable manner. The masterplan also expands the functions of green spaces to facilitate teaching progress and improve green infrastructure while also stabilizing spaces against extreme weather conditions by using existing or prospective green space on campus.
The proposal lays out a zoned, phased strategic plan that holistically arranges landscaping and architecture while formulating specific strategies for the daily operations of each site.
道路 Traffic and pedestrian system：
规划重新梳理现有道路，根据道路的不同位置、使用频率和不同诉求，通过去道牙、增加跑步道、分解路中绿化、道路广场铺装一体化等设计方法，做出多样化的道路空间体验。车行系统，调小非常用路段宽度；整合现有停车场，拓展可用的停车区域，替换生态透水材料；人行系统，根据使用频率和功能的需求，将原本过于宽敞的道路进行分解。实现开放、轻松、共享的步行体验。
The masterplan reorganizes the road system, based on the future need to circulate people and vehicles. Through curb removal, the construction of athletic tracks and pavement renewal, the experience on the road is greatly diversified. Roads and parking lots are increased but placed on the periphery. Permeable materials are used for parking lots in keeping with the need to improve overall drainage and use. For pedestrians, the width of the roads was reduced to provide greater and safer walking spaces.
▽场地剖面研究 Sections
植物 Plantings：
校园内主要的落叶行道树为悬铃木，占60%；主要常绿行道树大叶女贞，占25%；主要常绿孤植、片植乔木雪松，龙柏，占55%等。在西安的气候条件下，大比例的常绿树保证了学校在冬季时也绿意盎然，同时比较缺乏四季变化。规划中希望保护和尊重原有植被的措施，对基地内的原有树木采用原地保留、集中移植，慎重砍伐。
规划建议新种植的乔木需要有一定的体量，增加色叶品种乔灌木、多年生草本，加强植物多样性。提升道路骨干树丰富度，核心区域增加植物多样性，增加色叶品种，或独木成林品种，例如，橡树、北美红枫、娜塔栎等。植物的保留与更迭根据景观改造进度同步深化。
The majority, 60%, of street trees on campus are Planetrees and with a quarter of trees being Ligustrums. Cedars and Junipers are commonly used. The high proportion of evergreens on campus provides a green background in the winter, even as it blurs seasonal distinctions. Future developments propose preserve Cedars and transplant Junipers while introducing more native deciduous species.
To increase plant diversity, more perennials and grasses are encouraged to build bio-swales and gardens. Various specimens with colored leaves are also necessary, such as Quercus nuttallii, Acer rubrum, or Quercus palustris. The transplantation and plantation plan will be carried out at the same time as the landscape and architecture modification.
生态系统 Eco-system：
学校的生态系统建设需要强调源头管理，完善灰绿基础设施共建。在校园核心区域，增设生态滞留洼地。欧亚大道、清凉山道、运动场中间道路以及西南客厅核心区增设带状雨水花园，与生态滞留洼地形成完整生态系统，应对极端天气的影响。这个生态系统不是一个隐蔽工程，而是通过景观设计结合校园的绿化、功能空间中展示出来，普及生态环保、低碳生活等理念，同时与教学相结合，通过标识、试验等方式让相关专业的学生获得实践机会，成为学校的全球视野的教育理念的体现。
To build an effective and efficient eco-system on campus, both green and grey infrastructure need to be integrated from the very beginning of the masterplan. A retention marsh is proposed in the “green heart” to work with multiple linear rain gardens in Euroasia Avenue, Qingliang Mountain Trail, Stadium Central Avenue, and Southwest Living Room. Rather than conceal the ecosystem our plan has decided to celebrate it through landscape design in green space as an educational opportunity for ecology, low-carbon life, and extreme weather. Signage designs and experimental education around the green infrastructure can also coordinate with pedagogy from relevant disciplines, providing students with outdoor practice experience and enhancing a global vision.
▽生态策略：强化源头管理、灰绿基础设施共建 Ecological strategy to integrate green and grey infrastructure from the beginning
▽校园中可能形成的汇水方式 Bioswales with different conditions
餐饮大厦前广场与周边景观改造 Dining Hall Plaza and Surrounding Landscape Renovation
规模：9000平方米
设计内容：景观、装置
项目时间：2019—2021
Scale: 9,000 square meters
Design Elements: Landscape, Installations
Project Timeline: 2019—2021
▽餐饮大厦鸟瞰 Bird eye view of Dining Hall Plaza
餐饮大厦（现更名为虹桥餐厅）位于校园西南角，是两层地上与一层地下的独栋餐饮建筑，与两栋宿舍、校园超市、校医院围合出约100X50米的场地空间。场地主要承担了进出周边建筑的交通功能，另外也承办部分社团活动。在户外场地内有将近一半的空间为组团式植物种植，既遮挡餐厅的室内采光，同时也不能满足日益增加的校园社团活动。
将多种功能重叠、交叉，寻找动线交通与复合型空间的和谐关系，以达到弹性使用、有机增长的长期目标，是该场地空间设计的核心。动线与场地的边界不被特别强调，而当校园里会有集中的活动和行为发生时，动线和场地本身又要明晰：比如从学生宿舍出来去上课的“大队人马”，社团纳新时的“摆摊”；大场地与小空间的穿插与收放，使得空间可以灵活被使用，比如餐厅的进出口与用餐前后的小憩场所。
Occupying the southwest corner of the campus, the Hongqiao Cafeteria is a standalone complex consisting of a subterranean space beneath two visible floors. The site covers an area of 100×50-meters, enveloped by two dormitories, a grocery, and the infirmary. The site primarily serves as a transit hub for nearby buildings while also hosting a variety of club activities. Nearly half of the outdoor area is designated for clustered plants tall enough to shield the internal lighting of the restaurant.
The intertwining of circulatory pathways and versatile configurations maximizes the space’s ability to accommodate a variety of uses. By remaining flexible, the space can easily accommodate a variety of campus activities while still allowing for clarity during bustling campus activities such as the movement of students to class or recruitment fairs. The design also ensures flexible use of the space by blending large, spacious areas with smaller, intimate spaces, such as the restaurant’s entrances and scattered dining niches.
▽原始场地及功能分析 Site analysis
▽平面草图构思 Sketches
▽场地改造后的三个典型状态 Typical images of the site
设计中用一条抛物线强化地面动线，使它靠近餐厅，同时便捷的通往其他目的地。利用不同的材质，在道路的转换空间布置具有识别引导性的场地和节点设计。 在地面层通过“宽桥”与餐厅主要入口连接，保证负一层地面的下沉空间是一个完整的场地。
将建筑附近密闭的植物空间梳理释放出来，留给学生饭后休息与休闲，打开场地，增强通透性，避免视线遮挡，在下沉场地边界增加雨水花园，解决排水同时提升植物多样性；保留南侧密闭的背景林，保障学生宿舍的私密性。
The design features a parabolic pathway to optimize ground circulation and provide efficient access to the restaurant and other areas. Distinct materials and focal points demarcate transitional spaces. At the ground level, a “broad bridge” connects to the restaurant’s main entrance, ensuring the subterranean space functions seamlessly as a complete venue.
The once enclosed pockets of greenery near the building have been reconfigured to create open areas, promoting student relaxation and post-meal leisure, enhancing transparency, and reducing visual obstructions. A rain garden has been introduced along the subterranean area’s edge to enhance drainage and biodiversity. The secluded woodland to the south was retained in order to maintain the privacy of student dormitories.
▽不同方式的座位空间 Sittings at different places
除了保留场地原有大树，新增了多种类型的乔木与中层植物，针对不同的空间类型，加入多年生草本植物，营造阳生、阴生、湿生等多种植物生境。
The team also incorporated various deciduous trees, mid-level vegetation, and perennial herbaceous plants to create diverse plant habitats suitable for different environmental conditions.
▽这里的现浇混凝土坡道是Forme（非木）公司，一家意大利混凝土团队的作品 Cast-in-place concrete path made by Forme
▽有的草花长势旺盛，有的始终矮矮小小；它们需要的修剪时间不同，修剪程度也不太一样；显然需要专业一点的养护 Perennials and grasses require professional maintenance
餐厅主入口的连桥是楔形空间，提供了宿舍、下课两个方向来就餐的人流，弱化了狭窄线性的桥的感觉；同时为了减少楔形宽边的空阔感，桥体中间嵌入雾喷石材雕塑。该雕塑起意“八水绕长安”，使用黑白两种花岗岩暗示学校中西合璧的文化理念，层叠堆砌抽象自然山水地形，中间穿插雾喷喷头，为西安炎热的夏季带来降暑降温，提供校园新的记忆点。不同类型的休息空间有不同类型的座位方式，例如与台阶结合的石凳、与吧台结合的HPL板高凳、还有钢木结合的木座凳，不同的高矮、材料、质感、触感，为不同的行为提供多种可能性。
该项目荣获“2022-2023年度AEEDA亚洲教育环境设计奖”-校园景观环境设计金奖。
The restaurant’s main entrance bridge has been uniquely designed as a wedge shape to facilitate the flow of students from dormitories and classes. A stone sculpture has been incorporated into the bridge’s center, alleviating the spacious sense of the wideness. This sculpture, a focal point symbolizing the “Eight Rivers Surrounding Chang’an,” utilizes black and white granite to represent the school’s fusion of Eastern and Western cultures. It features an abstract landscape inspired by natural terrains and includes mist sprayers, offering a cooler and more temperate environment. Various relaxation areas offer seating options to cater to a spectrum of activities, such as stone benches integrated with steps, HPL high stools along bar counters, and steel-wood hybrid seating, each providing diverse heights, materials, textures, and tactile experiences.
The project has been honored with the “2022-2023 AEEDA Asian Educational Environment Design Award” – Gold Award for Campus Landscape and Environmental Design.
▽石材雕塑 Granite Sculpture
▽改造后的校园日常使用状态 Daily use of the site
滑板广场 Sunken skateboard court
面积：780平方米
设计内容：景观
项目时间：2022—2023
Scale: 780 square meters
Design Elements: Landscape
Project Timeline: 2022—2023
▽轮滑广场与迷宫花园的鸟瞰Bird eye view of Skateboard Court and Maze Garden
场地原为阶梯式下沉广场，边界为1.5米的高差与镶嵌的斜坡绿地。由于位置不靠近任何功能性建筑，属性定位不清晰，导致使用率不高。根据规划定位以及与校方体育部、工程部等多方讨论，决定将这块小场地变更为滑板广场使用。
The site is a tiered sunken plaza, featuring a 1.5-meter elevation differential and embedded sloping green spaces. Its ambiguous positioning and distance from any functional structures led to its underutilization. Following consultations with various stakeholders, including the sports and engineering departments, it was decided to repurpose this compact space into a skateboard plaza.
▽现状条件Existing skating rink
设计灵感来源于折纸。利用折叠形成的褶皱与立体空间来设计滑板场的造型。按照场地现有的下沉高度进行高低起伏并赋予滑板功能，利用大小不一的折角将场地划分为滑行区域与非滑行区域，设置不同坡度。同时考虑场地的造型与实用性，利用原有的台阶、坡地，保留部分石材，在原有草坡上嵌入台阶以供休息。
The design drew inspiration from origami, creating “folds” and three-dimensional spaces for skating. The design incorporated the existing terrain, and defined skateable and non-skateable zones, each characterized by its specific angles and slopes. Simultaneously, the design harmonizes the visual aesthetics and practical utility by preserving the existing stone materials and integrating steps within the natural gradient.
▽立体几何型滑板场Geometric Skateboard court
场内设置初，中，高三种不同难易程度的陡度。部分保留的原始场地作为初学者的练习区域；专业滑杆道具与有一定陡度的直坡滑道作为中级滑板区域；增加 u型滑道等具有一定专业难度的滑行区域，供熟练掌握滑行技能的学生使用。在场地周围设置了休息区和滑杆区，便于交流与休息。
The area is segmented into three distinct zones based on varying difficulty levels: beginner, intermediate, and advanced. Beginners can utilize a portion of the original terrain for practice. Intermediate skateboarders are provided with specialized equipment and moderately steep downhill tracks. Advanced feature—U-shaped ramps, is also incorporated. The surrounding space incorporates rest areas, promoting interaction and relaxation.
▽滑板社团活动Skaters in the court
▽林下休息空间 Wood deck under the woods
考虑各种新旧材料转换、交接的细节时并重功能与美学，比如：在新做的现浇混凝土与旧的石材交接时采用留缝或增加金属收边进行分割；对于滑行区域的转折区域增加圆管或角钢，保护混凝土转角的稳固性。
This design involved intricate details in transitioning between new and old materials, balancing aesthetics with functionality. For example, expansion joints or the addition of metal trim are employed to highlight the separation between new concrete and pre-existing stone.
▽新旧材料交接 Transition of old and new materials
▽交接现状不同的铺装和排水盖板 Different paving and drainage cover plates
▽充分做好安全提示 Safety signs
迷宫花园微改造 Maze garden
滑板场旁边曾经是一个绿篱矩阵，没有具体的使用功能。在总体规划时，我们在里面贯穿了一条路径，为东侧校园与南侧教学楼之间的通达提供了一条特殊的小径。矩阵的边界局部打开，成为由外部空间可进入的半围合小空间。通过局部打通、放置坐凳，原来的绿篱矩阵产生了不同程度的开合，成为可以静坐、聊天、休息的沉浸式体验花园。
Adjacent to the skateboard park, there was formerly a green hedge matrix with no defined use. During the phase of planning, a pathway was designed to link eastern campus to the academic buildings in the south. Parts of the matrix are selectively open, forming semi-enclosed spaces. The green hedge is transformed into an immersive experiential garden with various enclosure for contemplation, conversations, and relaxation.
▽小径的介入、绿篱局部打破，为场地带来了“呼吸” Maze garden with path and sitting
▽安静的座位空间 Place of serenity
慢跑道 Campus Jogging Track
面积：2800平方
设计内容：景观、平面设计
项目时间：2022—2022
Scale: 2800 square meters
Design Elements: Landscape, Graphic design
Project Timeline: 2022—2022
▽慢跑道鸟瞰 Bird eye view of the jogging trail
结合道路周边的景观特征，在校园横纵交错的道路上整合出一条舒适、便捷、安全的具有欧亚特色的慢跑道。以操场的主要入口作为节点，用“let’s run”以及欧亚学院的校训“EURASIA”组成的图案结合场地现状铺装，形成场地运动与跑道之间的链接。
The design incorporated a unique Eurasian-themed jogging track into the existing campus road network, prioritizing comfort, convenience, and safety. The track begins at the main entrance of the sports field and effectively links sports activities with the jogging track. This design is inspired with “let’s run” and the Eurasia College motto “EURASIA”, creating a pattern which blends seamlessly with the existing terrain.
▽慢跑道图案 Patterns of the jogging trail
从流线上，我们考虑跑道的连结性，即跑道的选址既要足够的便捷，让学生不需要拘泥于从哪里出发，同时作为“运动“纽带未来可以将校园内的各个”运动细胞“贯穿起来； 从材料上看，安全性很重要，6mmEPDM+8mmPU+6mmETPU的塑胶材料可以有效吸收冲击力，增加人体的抓地力，材料的柔软性可以降低在跑步时对关节的损伤；跑道的位置会与现有的步行道路有一定的重叠，最终铺设了1.5米的宽度。
The jogging track is strategically located for convenience, providing students with easy access from multiple points and linking various sports facilities on campus. The design utilizes a resilient material composition of 6mm EPDM, 8mm PU, and 6mm ETPU, which absorbs impact, enhances traction, and minimizes joint stress during jogging. This 1.5-meter-wide track has been seamlessly integrated with existing pedestrian pathways.
▽慢跑道的边界 Borders of the jogging trail
带有学校特色的标识性，是事务所专业的视觉空间导视小组团队做了专门的研究：通过对校园logo及其内涵进行了分析，解构，又再重组，放大欧亚学院国际化，提倡健康的学习生活的校园特点。通过反转图底关系，对“Eurasia”以及E所代表的“Education”、“Energy”、“Economic”的正负形进行延展，增强其图形感。整体设计以蓝色为基调，辅以logo中用到的翠绿和百搭灰，不脱离教育机构的属性，又在理性中增添了活力。
Our environmental graphic design team developed an iconic visual identity, through analysis, deconstruction, and subsequent reassembly of the school’s logo, with a focus on magnifying Eurasian Academy’s international character. The design reimagined the term “Eurasia”, extending the letter ‘E’ to “Education,” “Energy,” and “Economics”, amplifying their visual impact over a variety of design elements. The overall design features a predominantly blue color palette, complemented by the green and gray hues derived from the logo. This approach bolsters the institution’s brand identity while also injecting a sense of vitality.
▽字体和图形研究 Graphic design with the school slogan
业主：西安欧亚学院
景观设计：张唐景观设计事务所
设计团队：唐子颖、张东、张亚男、陈逸帆、袁帅、王琪、钱沁禾、鲍丽霞、张文莉、潘昭延、任一鸣、李艺琳、姚瑜、方乐饶、贺肖淇
装置设计及施工：张唐艺术工作室
装置团队：唐子颖、郑佳林、孙川
餐饮大厦建筑改造设计团队：Blond et Roux Architectes SARL Ltd.
西安欧亚学院：董事长-胡建波教授 | 基建处处长-雷春妮；副处长：杨海燕 | 基建处设计管理：刘思雨；施工管理：赵阳 | 艾德艺术设计学院副院长：王瑛；教师：陈斐
景观施工：陕西馨迪景观装饰工程有限公司
上房园林植物研究所：申瑞雪
花境专家：赵奕
混凝土施工：杭州非木建筑工程管理有限公司（Forme）
滑板广场景观施工：西安志同建筑工程有限公司
项目地点：西安
摄影：张海、唐子颖
Client: Xi’an Eurasia University
Landscape Design: Z+T Studio
Design members: Tang Ziyin, Zhang Dong, Zhang Yanan, Chen Yifan, Yuan Shuai, Wang Qi, Qian Qinhe, Bao Lixia, Zhang Wenli, Pan Zhaoyan, Ren Yiming, Li Yilin, Yao Yu, Fang Lerao, He Xiaoqi
Installation Design and Construction: Z+T Hapitor Art Studio
Installation members: Tang Ziyin, Zheng Jialin, Sun Chuan
Dinning Hall Plaza Building Renovation: Blond et Roux Architectes SARL Ltd.
Eurasia University Chairman of the Board: Prof. Hu Jianbo | Director of Infrastructure Dept. Lei Chunni; Deputy Director: Yang Haiyan | Design Manager: Liu Siyu; Construction Manager: Zhao Yang | The Aide School of Design: Deputy Dean: Wang Ying; Lecturer: Chen Fei
Landscape Construction: Shaanxi Xindi Landscape Engineering Ltd.
Shanghai Shangfang Horticulture Co., Ltd：Shen Ruixue
Flower border expert：Zhao Yi
Concrete Construction: Hangzhou FORME3 CO., LTD
Skating Rink Construction: Xi’an Zhitong Building Engineering Ltd.
Site Location: Xi’an
Photograph: Zhang Hai; Tang Ziyin
“ 复合型趣味活力的多样化花园校园。”
审稿编辑：Maggie
更多 Read more about: 张唐景观
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