沂蒙山舍: 低技建造重塑乡村价值 / 灰空间建筑事务所

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Thank Grey space Architects for authorizing the publication of the project on mooool, Text description provided by Grey space Architects.

灰空间建筑事务所：沂蒙山舍已建成运营五年之多，建成之时灰空间还未有“宣传”意识，拖延至今仍未整理该项目的设计建造过程。作为灰空间成立后的第二个项目，也是沂蒙山地区落地较早品质较高的民宿，对当地民宿发展及事务所的影响自不必多言，因此借国庆空闲时日对其进行整理及回顾。

Grey space Architects ：Yimeng Mountain House has been completed and operated for up to five years. Upon completion, Greyspace Architects hadn’t thought about “publicity”, and by now it hasn’t sorted out the process of project design and construction. As the second project after the establishment of Greyspace, it’s also a quality guest house built early in the mountainous area of Yimeng, having profound influence on the development of local guest house and studios. Therefore, we sort it out and have a review on the National Day Holiday.

▽民宿沿路立面 Roadside Facade of Mountain House

沂蒙山舍位于山东第二高峰蒙山龟蒙顶脚下的李家石屋村，村落沿金线河峡谷依山傍溪而建，南北纵深约五公里，由于交通不便，当地居民大多就地取材，以山中的石材为墙，以干草为顶，建成了冬暖夏凉的石屋，家家户户的石头屋，形成了村落独特的肌理和质感。

Yimeng Mountain House is located in Lee-Family Stone Village at the foot of Guimeng Peak, Mengshan Mountains, which is the second highest peak in Shandong. The village was constructed near the mountains and rivers along Jinxian River Valley. About five kilometers in depth from north to south. Due to inconvenience of transportation, most local residents choose the local resources, taking stones in the mountains as the walls, and hays as ceilings to construct a stone house that is warm in winter and cool in summer. The stone houses of every household have formed the unique texture and quality of the village.

▽李家石屋村鸟瞰 Aerial View of Lee-Family Stone Village

初识场地印象 Initial impression of the site

接到设计任务后初到场地，便被这里的情景所触动：清幽的峡谷、安静的村落、遍布的石屋、朴实的蒙山人，一切都是自然而然，好似他们自古就一直生活在这里。

Upon arriving at the spot after receiving the design task, the scenes here are very touching: the quiet and beautiful valley, quiet village, scattering stone houses and simple folks of Mengshan Mountains, everything is so natural, as if they have been living here since ancient times.

▽场地对面山景 Mountain View against the Site

▽金线河河道景观 Landscape of Jinxian River Valley

然而和大多数偏远的村落一样，这里也同样的面临着空心村问题，年轻人走向了城市，仍在居住的大多是已经上了年纪的老人，多处石屋年久失修，已经破败或闲置，沂蒙山舍的五个院子便是对这样的石屋进行的更新改造。

However, like most remote villages, hollowness is also an issue here. Youngsters have moved to cities, and most of the residents here are old people. Many stone houses are long neglected and in disrepair. They are in ruins or idle. The five courtyards in Yimeng Mountain House are the renewal and renovation of such stone houses.

▽场地现状 Status-quo of the Site

建筑以什么样的姿态出现在村落？如何同既存环境产生丰富且有意义的对话？建筑如何被环境所接受？如何营造并激发场所的活力？是最初面对场地时所思考的几个问题。

What shape should the construction take in the village? How to have rich and significant dialogue with the environment? How should the environment take the construction? How to create and stimulate the energy of the spot? These are the several questions reflected on facing the site.

▽一号院入口 Entrance to No.1 Courtyard

遵循现状的布局 Follow the site layout

沂蒙山舍的前身是一个牛棚和依山而建的五个传统院落，牛棚和一号院紧邻村落主路，其南侧是一处传统的石屋古民居；二号院、三号院和四号院在其后面紧邻分布，五号院离主路约30米，较为独立。

The Previous state of Yimeng Mountain House is a cow shed and five traditional courtyards constructed along the mountains. The cow shed and No.1 Courtyard are next to the main road. On its south side is a traditional stone house; No.2, No.3 and No.4 courtyards are located right behind, while No.5 Courtyard is around 30m from the main road. It’s relatively independent.

▽总平面图 Plan

基于遵循村落的原始布局这一初衷，在对五个院落进行改造或者新建中，沿用每个院落的原有大小，仅对房屋尺寸进行了微小的调整，以适应客房舒适度的要求。

Based on the original intention of following the original layout of the village, only minor adjustments were made to the house dimensions to accommodate the comfort of the rooms in the five courtyards that were renovated or newly built. The original size of each courtyard is kept in its original form.

▽屋顶露台看向三号院 View of No.3 Courtyard from Rooftop Veranda

牛棚高于主路，位于一号院和南侧古石屋民居之间，后面则是并列的较高地势的二号院、三号院和四号院，是几处院落的“枢纽”，其特定的场地位置，赋予了它特定的功能：接待中心，其屋顶为共享活动平台，其余五个院落均为民宿客房。

The cow shed is higher than the main road, between No.1 Courtyard and the ancient stone guest houses on the south. Behind it are No.2, No.3 and No.4 Courtyards with slightly high terrain in parallel. They are the “hub” of the courtyards. The specific location endows them with specific functions: On the roof of Reception Center is a shared activity platform, and the other five courtyards are all guest houses.

▽三号院看向屋顶露台 View of the Veranda on the Roof from No.3 Courtyard

▽屋顶露台 Rooftop Veranda

消隐于村落的建筑 Buildings hidden in village

建筑外观并未进行刻意的“网红式”设计，而是以院落用地条件、功能需求以及当地建造工艺和材料作为出发点，对其进行微改造，希望改造后的建筑能够融入并消隐于村落之中。

There is no deliberate “online popular” designs on the appearance of the architecture. Instead, there is micro-transformation based on the land use conditions, functions and needs of courtyards, and local construction workmanship and materials, in hopes that the buildings can integrate and hide in the village afterwards.

▽自西向东鸟瞰 Aerial View from West to East

▽河对面看向民宿 View of the Guest houses from across the River

五个民宿院落采用了“微改造”的设计策略，对现状较好的一号和五号院落是在保留的基础上改造提升，其它三个院落因年久失修，则是在原院落布局的基础上进行了拆除重建。

The design strategy of “micro-renovation” was adopted for the five B&B courtyards: courtyards No. 1 and No. 5, which are in good condition, were renovated and upgraded on the basis of preservation; the other three courtyards were demolished but rebuilt on the basis of the original layout due to their old and dilapidated condition.

▽三号院入口 Entrance to No.3 Courtyard

重建的房子外墙使用了当地最为常用的条石，屋顶则是同周边村落建筑一样的坡屋顶，仅适当加大洞口做了落地门窗，以满足客房对景观性及采光的要求。

Boulder strips, a commonest local material, are used for the outer walls of the reconstructed houses, while the roof is pitched, just like that of buildings in surrounding villages. The only thing that was done was to make French window by enlarging the hole appropriately to meet the requirement of view and light for the guest room.

▽接待厅屋顶露台 Rooftop Veranda of the Reception Hall

接待中心以及其屋顶上的服务亭是在原牛棚位置的新建体量，尽量和地形取得融合的同时，保留了场地及屋顶的原有树木。新建建筑墙体采用了现浇混凝土，虽作为整个场地中较为现代的置入体量，但其同条石的色彩以及简洁的外观仍同周边建筑取得了一致性。

Reception Center and Service Pavilion the rooftop are new masses located at the original cow shed. While trying to integrate with the topography, the original trees of the site and rooftop are reserved. The new walls of the structure are made from cast-in-place concrete. Although it is a more modern volume inserted throughout the site, the color and simplicity of the stone and its appearance are consistent with the surrounding buildings.

▽三号院庭院 No.3 Courtyard

低技建造策略 Low tech construction strategy

项目预算的低造价及当地工人的低技术决定了该项目无法按照常规的策略进行设计和建造，在低造价及低技术的限制下，采用了以下几个策略。

The local cost of building in the project budget and the low technology of local workers have determined that the project can’t be designed and constructed with regular strategies. The following strategies are adopted with the limitation of low cost of building and low technology.

▽接待厅向上台阶 Ascending Steps of the Reception Hall

▽三号院庭院 No.3 Courtyard

一、选用当地的“廉价”材料：主要的建造材料为条石、卵石、碎石、红砖、木材、传统水磨石等，这些全部是当地民居常用的建筑材料，价格较低。

Choose “cheap” local materials: The main construction materials include boulder strips, pebbles, crushed stones, red bricks, timber and traditional waterstone, all of which are common construction materials for local residents with low price.

▽二号院入口 Entrance to No.2 Courtyard

二、借鉴当地的民居建造方式：除了接待中心为混凝土现浇之外，其余院落的建造都借鉴了当地民居的建造方式，基础构造采用了当地常用的石材，门窗洞口过梁为现场混凝土预制，屋顶结构为民居常用的木制人字梁。

Referring to local way of residential construction: Except the Reception Center is made from cast-in-place concrete, the construction of the remaining courtyards refers to the local style of construction, with basic structure made from common stone materials, while lintels of the door, windows and the entrance to the cave prefabricated with cast-in-place concrete, and the rooftop structure made from wooden Y-shaped beam, a common material of guest house.

▽立面石材及落地门窗 Stone materials and French windows of the facade

▽洞口过梁施工 Construction of lintels at the Entrance of the Courtyard

三、土建完工效果既是室内空间效果：墙体外侧都为条石，墙体内侧室内效果有三种：卵石、红砖和涂料，相应的墙体构造的三种做法为条石+卵石、条石+清水砖墙、条石+普通砖墙+涂料；地面为细石混凝土抛光；屋顶为人字梁结构上铺实木板裸露。

The civil engineering effect upon completion is the interior space effect: The outer walls are made from boulder strips, while there are three kinds of interior effect inside the walls: pebbles, red bricks and coating. Corresponding to the three techniques of constructing wall structures: boulder strips+ pebbles, boulder strips+brick walls without plastering, and boulder strips+common brick walls+coating; the surface is polished with fine aggregate concrete; while the ceiling is naked wood boards lining Y-shaped beam structure.

▽接待厅内部 Inside the Reception Hall

▽房间内部 Inside the Room

在当下的建筑实践中，乡村是一个颇为重要的场景，基于对当地自然条件和村落文脉的理解，以及于此选取的在地材料和借鉴当地智慧的建造手段，成为在地实践和设计创新的重要内容。尝试将其延伸为一系列多角度、多层次的建造行动和社会活动，以此来持续性地参与到乡村环境的改造、乡村经济的发展，乃至乡村产业的转型和文化复兴。

Of current construction practice, village is an important scenario. It has become an important part of practices and design innovation on the ground to select local materials and refer to smart local means of construction on the basis of a good understanding of local natural condition and the rural context. People try to extend it into a series of multi-angle and multi-layered construction actions and social activities, so as to sustainably participate in the transformation of rural environment and development of rural economy, thereby prompting the transformation of rural industry and cultural revitalization.

▽施工现场 The construction site

后记 Postscript

在沂蒙山舍运营的这段时间里，李家石屋村发生了很多的变化：宅基地租金大幅升值、自发新开了多家民宿、投资者的进入又退出……，但是无论表面如何变化，李家石屋似乎并没有改变太多。也许这是乡村固有的包容力，也许这是沂蒙人与生俱来的不变品质，但有一点是毋庸置疑的：乡村发展最为重要的是留住原住民，并通过产业为其赋能，而不是推倒重来，唯如此才能持续激活乡村的独特魅力。

While running Yimeng Mountain House, huge changes have taken place in Lee-Family Stone Village: soaring rent of homestead, spontaneous establishment of guest houses, and entry and exit of investors… No matter how the surface changes, Lee-Family Stone Village doesn’t seem to have changed a lot. Maybe such is the natural tolerance of villages, and the unchanged nature of people in Yimeng. But one point goes beyond doubt: Retaining aboriginals and empowering them through industries, instead of making a new start, are critical to rural development. Only by doing so can the unique charm of villages be stimulated sustainably.

▽组合平面图 Combined planar graph

▽一号院平面图 Plan of No.1 Courtyard

▽二号院平面图 Plan of No.2 Courtyard

▽三+四号院平面图 Plan of Courtyard 3 + 4

▽五号院平面图 Plane of No.5 Courtyard

项目名称：沂蒙山舍
项目类型：建筑/室内/景观
项目地点：临沂市蒙山李家石屋村
设计单位：灰空间建筑事务所
主持建筑师：苏鹏、刘漠烟
设计团队：应世蛟、琚安琪
业主：临沂市蒙山旅游区山舍民宿开发有限公司
建成状态：建成
设计时间：2016年7月-2017年1月
建设时间：2016年9月-2017年4月
占地面积：1434㎡
建筑面积：673㎡
结构顾问：余皝
施工顾问：杭州芝麻装饰设计工程有限公司
施工单位：山东金华美建筑装饰工程有限公司
材料：条石、卵石、竹子、红砖、水磨石、灰泥
摄影：朱恩龙

Project Name: Yimeng Mountain House
Type of Project: Architecture/Interior/Landscape
Project Location: Lee-Family Stone Village, Mengshan Mountains, Linyi
Unit of Design: Greyspace Architects
Host Architects: Su Peng, Liu Moyan
Designer Team: Ying Shijiao, Ju Anqi
Proprietor: Linyi Mengshan Tourist Area Mountain House Residence Development Co., Ltd.
Status of Construction: Completed
Time of Design: Jul., 2016- Jan., 2017
Time of Construction: Sept., 2016-Apr., 2017
Floor Area: 1,434 m2
Area of Structure: 673m2
Structural Advisor: Yu Huang
Construction Advisor: Hangzhou Sesame Decorative Design Engineering Co., Ltd.
Construction Unit: Shandong Jinhuamei Construction Decorative Engineering Co., Ltd.
Materials: Boulder strips, pebbles, red bricks, waterstone and plaster
Photographer: Zhu Enlong