理想乡野：峨眉·高桥小镇 / 深度报道

本文由乐道景观授权mooool发表，欢迎转发，禁止以mooool编辑版本转载。
Thanks LEDA Landscape for authorizing the publication of the project on mooool, Text description provided by LEDA Landscape.

乐道景观：本案位于峨眉山脚下的一个小乡村——高桥福田，村落背靠群山与森林，远眺峨眉山金顶。在这个约2000亩的原乡环境里，起伏的农田与高山密林仿佛乡村大地的“指纹”，一个被当地居民称作“三湾大塘”的鱼塘嵌在这大地的肌理之中，并与当地的村落民居，构成了我们精神世界里久寻的川西原乡，但这里显然缺少了一些生机。

2019年，恒邦双林集团带对这片乡土的热爱与尊重，凭借着乡村振兴的政策支持与峨眉南山世界生态康养核心区的发展优势，旨在高桥福田乡村景观的基础上，最大化的保留了质朴的村落乡野气息，将原生的、自然的乡村重新焕发生机和活力，为人们呈现一个全新的乡村形象，这个项目的终极目标是在高桥福田乡村景观的基础上，打造丰富的乡村产业集群。因此设计需要深入了解乡村，从“根儿”上去解决和改变，以场地原始基底出发，将乡村的景观与人充分连接起来，让乡村的居民共同参与到乡村的复兴中来。

LEDA Landscape: This project is located in Futian Village, Gaoqiao Town, a small village at the foot of Emei Mountain, with the backdrop of mountains and forests and a distant view of the golden summit of Emei Mountain. In this 2, 000-acre rural environment, the undulating farmland and dense alpine forest are like the “fingerprints” of the nature. The fish pond called” Sanwan Datang” by the local residents，is embedded in the texture of the land, and together with the local village dwellings, they form the original countryside of western Sichuan that we have long sought in the mental world，but there is obviously some vitality missing here.

In 2019, the developer EVERBON Group, with its love and respect for this countryside, and with the policy support of rural revitalization and the development advantages of World Ecological Recreation Core Area in Emei, aims to maximize the preservation of the rustic village countryside on the basis of the local rural landscape, to bring the native and natural countryside back to life and vitality, and present a brand new image of the countryside for people. The ultimate goal of this project is to create a rich rural industrial cluster based on the rural Futain Village landscape. The design therefore requires an in-depth understanding of the countryside, addressing and changing it from its “roots”, design based on the original site, to connecting the rural landscape with the people, and involving the rural residents in the revitalization of the countryside.

▼项目视频 Video

1.现状和设计策略｜Status analysis and design strategy

福田村和中国数万个普通乡村一样，也曾在城市化的浪潮中被远离，在城市的文化和经济发展的状态下，这个2000多亩范围的村落，如同一个空心村般的存在，人口外流、土地抛荒、老幼相守，致使产业凋产、文化断裂、环境凌乱。乡村场景的重构是极为特殊的，在主流的话语叙述中，乡村的发展是停滞的、落后的、贫困的。业主方与我们在乡村景观的营造上达成了共识，乡村景观不是简单的乡土材料堆砌，也不是夸张的技巧炫技，而是还原乡村真实的自然形象、带来新生活、吸引新村民，从根本上为高桥带来改变。

Like tens of thousands of ordinary villages in China, Futian Village was once distanced from the wave of urbanization. In the state of urban culture and economic development, this village of more than 1333,400 ㎡ existed like a hollow village, with an exodus of population, abandoned land and only the elderly and children left behind, resulting in withered industries, discontinuity cultural, and a messy environment. The reconstruction of the rural landscape is extremely special. Under the current situation, the development of the village is stagnant, backward and poor. The owner has reached a consensus with us on the creation of the rural landscape, that is, the rural landscape is not simply piling up the vernacular materials, nor an exaggerated display of skills, but rather a restoration of the real natural image of the countryside, bringing new life, attracting new villagers, and fundamentally bringing change to Gaoqiao.

▼场地现状-大面积土地荒废，农田闲置，环境较差，缺乏乡村应有的山清水秀 Current situation of the site-a large area of land is abandoned, farmland is idle, the environment is poor, and the countryside lacks the beauty of the mountains and rivers

▼村落印象-人口外流，大部分为老人和小孩留守乡村 Village impression-population exodus, mostly young and old

设计师在对现有的资源进行规划整合，从鱼塘、农田、溯溪三大板块出发，重塑一个原生的、自然的“湖+田+溪”的乡村景观格局，将失去活力的空间逐点连接，同时依托产业类型而增加的配套服务点也为村民带来了参与建设与运营的机会。

The designers planned and integrated the existing resources from three major plates: fish ponds, farmland and streams， to reshape a native and natural” lake- field-stream” rural landscape pattern, connected the lost vitality space point by point. At the same time，the increased supporting service points depending on the type of industry also brought opportunities for villagers to participate in the construction and operation.

▼设计理念-地块属性的延续 Design concept-continuation of land property

2.自然主义的乡村体验｜Rural Experience of Naturalism

重塑原生的、自然的的乡村景观，溯溪、丘陵、农田、果园；仰头可见峨眉金顶，优美自然的乡野环境有抚平焦虑，令人平静的能量。

Recreating the native natural countryside landscape such as streams, hills, farmland and orchards，looking up to see the Mount Emei Golden Summit, the beautiful natural environment has a calming energy that soothes anxiety.

通过陈旧的鱼塘-三湾大塘进行景观改造，蓄水成湖，湖体采用生态处理方式来改善水质，利用鱼类、水草、微生物群使湖体形成生态自净系统，对水体进行生态修复，形成自然湖区，同时满足稻田灌溉水源的标准。

The fish pond – Sanwan Datang has been retained, and its landscape has been improved by storing water to form a lake. Ecological treatment is adopted to improve the water quality of the lake, so that fish、aquatic plants、microbiota in the lake form an ecological self-purification system, thus carrying out ecological restoration of the water body, forming a natural lake area, while meeting the standards of the paddy field irrigation water source.

▼水天一色，雪山倒映 Future Ideal Version of Gaoqiao Town

▼丰富的水生植物净化水质 Abundant aquatic plants purify water quality

为了呈现出乡野自然优美的一面，乐梵对湖边草坡进行梳理，水岸以自然草坡驳岸，以草甸式花境设计乡野花境氛围。采用不同花期的草本花卉覆盖山丘，微地形之上结合大面积草坪、块石展现着自然与艺术的共融，演绎独特的乡村浪漫色彩。

In order to present the natural beauty of the countryside, the design solution includes trimming the grassy slope of the lakeside, decorating the waterfront with natural grass slope, and creating the countryside floral atmosphere with meadow-type flower border. As well as covering hills with seasonal herbaceous flowers, and combining micro-topography with large areas lawns and stones, it shows the harmony between nature and art, deducing the unique romantic color of the countryside.

▼草坡驳岸的自然草甸式乡野花镜 Natural meadow-style rural wildflower mirror with grass slopes and banks

▼与场地置石形成自然乡野景观 Set rocks with the site to form a natural rural landscape

溯溪游道绕过树群和山体随势赋形，如原生的乡路一般透露着回归乡野的质感。

The scenic trail along the stream winds around the woods and mountains to form a beautiful shape, which reveals the rural texture like the original country road.

▼随地形溯溪而上的游步道 A walking trail that goes up the stream with the terrain

▼高山小溪鸟瞰前后对比 Before and after bird’s eye view of mountain stream

乡村中垃圾随处乱丢的现象较为严重，高山小溪中随处可见。在原有的高山小溪的基础上，对溪流进行清理，将现状岩石及野性林木进行了最大程度的保留，补栽林木，覆绿裸露的地面，增加彩叶树种，对溪岸石头进行梳理，设计溯溪步道，提供人们在此处进行戏水活动空间，结合溪流打造溪野花境，呈现一个充满自然野性的小溪。

In view of the garbage that can be seen everywhere in the mountain stream, the designer cleaned the stream on the basis of the original site, and at the same time kept the existing and wild forest to the greatest extent, replanted forest trees, afforested the bare ground, increased colorful tree species, and sorted out the rocks on the bank of the stream, so as to design a viewing trail along the stream and provide people with a space for near-water activities here. and finally, the stream was combined with wildflower border to present a stream full of natural wildness.

▼最大程度的保留了现状岩石和野境林木 The current rocks and wild forests are preserved to the greatest extent

▼梳理乔木，补栽地被覆盖裸露的地面 Groom the arbor and cover the bare ground with the replanting ground

溪岸卵石的野性梳理，让人打开心中的边界，真正的走进小溪。溪里玩水的人多了，村民的环保意识也提高了。夏天，一定是溯溪最热闹的季节，大人带着孩子们在浅滩中戏水捞鱼，露营野餐，山野间一片欢声笑语。

After light intervention, the pebbles on the creek banks eliminated the sense of alienation and invited people to walk into the creek to get close to nature. There are more people playing in the water in the creek, and the villagers environmental awareness has improved. In summer, it must be the most lively season for the creek, with adults taking children to play in the shallows for fish、camping and picnicking, and full of laughter in the mountains and fields.

▼溪流吸引着越来越多的周边城市居民前来游玩体验 The combed tracing attracts more and more urban residents to come and experience

▼让孩童接触最本原的乡野趣事 Let children get in touch with the most primitive rural fun

▼结合蜿蜒溪流一侧的林间设计露营帐篷 Design a camping tent on the side of a winding stream

▼体验自然林间的迷途露营 Experience lost camping in the natural forest

▼人们停下匆忙的脚步，在露营帐篷歇息相谈，感受自然带来的放松 People stop in a hurry, rest in the camping tent, and feel the relaxation brought by nature

3.运营化的乡野设计｜Operational Countryside Design

乡村的现状就是大量的农田被荒废，杂草丛生，无人耕种，而主要的人员构成是老年人和小孩，留守在村里的人基本没有收入，家庭的主要收入来源还是靠外出打工来获取。我们将乡村的景观与人充分连接起来，让乡村的居民共同参与到乡村的复兴中来，让村民参与运营，增加收入。

项目集中了农民的田地，包括荒废的农田被重新利用起来，优化田埂线条，将所有农田重新整合，梳理农田的布局，栽植彩色水稻，打造大地稻禾图案景观、结合机耕道打造田野花境景观，营建理想中的田园生活场景，通过低干预的设计手法，一个川西林盘的大地景观赫然呈现。

A large amount of farmland is abandoned, overgrown and uncultivated is the current situation in the countryside while the main composition of people is the elderly and children those who stay in the village basically have no income, and the main source of income for families was created by young people working in cities. The purpose of the design is to fully connect the landscape and people of the village, so that the residents of the village can participate in the revitalization and operation of the village together, thus increasing their income.

The project concentrates farmers’ fields, including abandoned farmland have been reused, The farmland ia reintegrated and rearranged by optimizing the ridges of the field, planting colored rice, creating a landscape of the rice grain patterns on the ground, combining with machine roads to build a landscape of field flowers, creating an ideal scene of rural life, and through light-intervention design approach, an earth landscape of the Linpan in western Sichuan is impressively presented.

▼成片的荒废农田被重新种植上水稻 Abandoned farmland was replanted with rice

▼稻田大地景观鸟瞰前后对比 Before and after bird’s eye view of the rice field landscape

稻田从远处山脚出发，不规则的自然肌理向下延伸而来，在恰当的季节走进田间，耙田插秧、收割稻谷，亲自体验农创耕作是对原乡生活最好的尊重。它吸引着越来越多的“新村民”来到这里，观光体验，亦或是留下来…而大片的彩色水稻则返聘的当地居民进行经营，为他们带来了更多的劳动收益。

The irregular natural texture of the paddy field extends down from the foot of the distant mountain. Walking into the fields at the proper season, raking field and planting rice seedlings, harvesting rice, and experiencing farming for yourself is the best way to respect the life of the original village. It attracts more and more” new villagers” to come here for sightseeing experience or to stay… The large fields of colored rice are managed by local residents, bringing them more labor income.

▼返聘当地的村民，为他们带来更多的劳动收益 Re-employ local villagers and bring them more labor income

▼彩色稻田带来越来越多观光体验的游人 Colorful rice fields bring more and more tourists who have sightseeing experience

▼游人来参与感受农创耕作的乐趣 Feel the fun of farming

成片的白鹭飞回了福田，久违的萤火虫也重新点亮了夜空，一面野趣田园，一面远黛青山，乡村的自然生态与人文生态在这里重新焕发。

Patches of egrets have flown back to Futian, and long-lost fireflies have re-lit the night sky. With wild pastoral on one side and green hills on the other, the natural and human ecology of the countryside is rejuvenated here.

距离梯田不远处，由老旧村舍改造而成的“田间本味”餐厅在荷塘和菜园间悠然而落，餐厅食材均来自周围的稻田菜地，为人们提供地道的田园风味。野坡之上坐落着一间青瓦木椽的屋舍，建筑地基由木桩抬高，原木纹理与周遭自然融为一体，是“恒邦几何咖啡”。而作为小镇的首开区，旅居中心则坐落于山水之间，像一所质朴的乡村客厅，沿驳岸设计步道及观景平台，迎接着来自四面八方的旅人和归巢人。

田间本味餐厅、咖啡厅、旅居中心这三个配套服务点都有农民进行参与，很多外出打工的人和隔壁村的人都回来了，在这边来应聘，他们很高兴有这样的工作，他们有的来当咖啡师有的来当服务员，有的当餐厅厨师，乡村越来越热闹了，居民的素质有了很大的提高，开始更注重保护自己的家园，是人让乡村再次真正的充满了活力。

Not far from the terraced fields，the ” Field flavor ” restaurant transformed from an old cottage, which nestled between a lotus pond and vegetable garden. The food is sourced from the surrounding rice paddies and vegetable fields, providing people with an authentic flavor of the fields. Above the wild slope sits the “EVERBON geometric coffee”, a house with green tiles and wooden rafters, the foundation of which is raised by wooden piles and its texture blends into the surrounding nature. As the first open area of the town, the visitor center is located between the mountains and rivers, like rustic country living room, with footpaths and viewing platforms designed along the revetment, welcoming travelers and homecoming from all over the world.

The visitor center, coffee shop and the ” Field flavor ” restaurant that three supporting service points, all have Local residents for participation. Many people who work in city and people from nearby villages have come back and applied for jobs over here, they are happy to have such jobs. Some of them come to work as baristas, some as waiters, some as restaurant chefs, countryside is getting livelier and livelier. The quality of the residents has improved a lot and they are starting to pay more attention to protecting their homes. It’s the people themselves who are making the countryside truly vibrant again.

▼修旧如旧的“田间本味”餐厅 Restoration of the old “Tianma Benwei” restaurant

▼周边的稻田菜地提供了地道的田园美味 The surrounding rice fields and vegetable fields provide authentic pastoral delicacies

▼青瓦木椽的几何咖啡厅 The geometric cafe of the blue roof and wooden rafters

▼被草甸包裹的咖啡厅 A cafe wrapped in a meadow

▼咖啡厅为返乡的村民提供了更多的工作机会 The coffee shop provides more job opportunities for returning villagers

▼旅居中心 The geometric cafe of the blue roof and wooden rafters

▼旅居中心摆放着琳琅满目的农创、文创产品，带动村民经济收入 The sojourn center is equipped with a dazzling array of agricultural and cultural and creative products to drive the villagers’ economic income

在这些服务建筑里还支持居民将自己的农产品带来售卖，当然主运营方，也会售卖一些农创、文创产品，每一样落地的产品背后都离不开当地百姓的技术支持。合理的在地产品消费，吸引着越来越多的村民参与进来，也正在建立起他们的文化自信。

The residents are also supported to bring their own agricultural products for sale in these service architecture. Of course, the main operator who also sells some agricultural and cultural products, behind each of the products cannot be separated from the technical support of the local people. The reasonable consumption of local products is attracting more and more villagers to participate and is building up their cultural confidence.

4.人与乡村共生｜Man coexists with the countryside

乡村的延续和发展离不开原住民的技术支持；恒邦双林“彭村长”的理想是和村民在一起，营造一个村民们和集团一起参与的“共生社区”，是原住民、新村民、新农人、手工艺者、文艺工作者等等的共生。文化艺术和生活方式的引入，使村民获得更多探索和学习的机会，通过农业种植、养殖生产…依托自产的农特产品，创造出了高桥自己的农创品牌。餐饮、民宿、匠人等配套产业的引入，让村民和返乡入乡的人有了创业的机会，激活区域发展，带领乡村真正走向自主发展的轨道。村民收获的不仅是财富，更是从心底散发出的文化自信。

我们理想的村子，既不是把城市搬到乡村，也不是让乡村回到原来的样子，而是构建一个生态文明的新生活场景。在这个过程中，我们要构建新型的乡村生产关系，用环境吸引人实现产业创新，用产业引流让流量创造价值，用价值聚集人改善人居环境，我们要撬动小微力量，用一种简单的、自给自足的生活方式，满足基本生活需求的同时从事热爱且擅长的理想工作，来孵化小而美的产业、文化型乡企，聚沙成塔打造放璞归真的自然田园乡村。

The continuation and development of countryside cannot be achieved without the technical support of local people. The ideal of” Peng Village Chief” of developer is to work together with the villagers to create a”symbiotic community ” in which the villagers and the group participate together, a symbiosis of indigenous people, new villagers, new farmers, craftsmen, cultural artists, etc. The introduction of culture, art and lifestyle gives the villagers more opportunities to explore and learn through agricultural cultivation , breeding production… Relying on the home-grown agricultural products, Gaoqiao has created its own agricultural creation brand. The introduction of supporting industries such as catering, B& B, and artisans workshop gives villagers and returnees the opportunity to start their own businesses, activating regional development and leading the countryside to a truly autonomous development track. Villagers harvest not only wealth, but also the cultural confidence that emanating from the bottom of their hearts.

Our ideal village is neither to move the city to the countryside, nor to return the countryside to its original appearance, but to build a new ecological and civilized living scene. In this process, we need to build a new type of rural production relationship, achieve industrial innovation by improving the landscape to attract people, create value by building industry to attract attention, and gather people with value to improve the living environment. we want to pry small and micro power, with a simple, self-sufficient way of life, to meet the basic needs of life at the same time engaged in love and good at the ideal work, to incubate small and beautiful industry, culture-based rural enterprises. To create a natural and idyllic countryside by gathering the strength of every resident.

▼高桥小镇未来理想邦 Future Ideal Version of Gaoqiao Town

那些习以为常的菜地果园，经过农业公司专业的打理后焕发出了新的魅力，老农人们到了这里，也仿佛重新认识了土地的可能性。乡村的美好，提高了村民的环境保护意识和人们爱护卫生的自觉性，让这份美好得以完好无损。

从土地里自发生长的能量，治愈着纷繁世界里的人们。当一片土地能让人心安神归时，它便成了寄托。这里不仅吸引旅人的到来，也成为当地村民向往的新职场。这些村民发自内心的笑容，让这个曾经的空巢乡村重新焕发了生机。

Those vegetable fields and orchards have taken on a new charm after being professionally tended by the agricultural company, and the old farmers seem to have been reacquainted with the possibilities of the land when they arrived. The beauty of the countryside has raised the villagers’awareness of environmental protection and consciousness of caring for hygiene, also leaving this beauty intact continue.

The energy that grows spontaneously from the land heals people who in a complicated world. When somewhere can bring peace of mind，it becomes a refuge for heart. Not only does the Gaoqiao Town attract travelers, but it has also become a new workplace for local villagers to aspire to. The heartfelt smiles of these villagers breathing life back into this once empty nesting village.

▼当一片土地能让人心安神归时,它将治愈着纷繁世界里的人们 When a piece of land can make people feel at ease, it will heal people in the complex world

▼它还是村庄的样貌，日常而朴实 It is still the appearance of the village, daily and simple

项目名称：峨眉·高桥小镇
完成年份：2021年04月
项目面积：2000亩
项目地点：四川·峨眉山
设计公司：四川乐道景观设计有限公司
公司网址：www.sc-leda.com
联系邮箱：leda0203@163.com
主创设计师：陈亚东
设计团队：于明峰、钟琴、苏一笑、周小媛、邓惠龙、邹洪邦、温利梅、刘丽红、邹璐、邹丽君、程容、周俊、雷冬
开发商：四川恒邦双林实业集团有限公司
甲方团队：王飛、孙文胜，李孟，苏科，张宗陶，杨善利
花境营造：成都乐梵缔境园艺有限公司
主案设计师：杜佩娜，刘瑜
花境团队：喻佳宁、王琪、危聪宁、杨小情、米赞、刘永红
施工单位：四川圣双园林工程有限公司
摄影：梵境、高桥里项目营销部、一筑一事
文案策划：mooool视角解读，文案二次编辑

Project name: Gaoqiao Town, Emei
Completion Year: April, 2021
Size: 2000 mu
Project location: Mount Emei, Sichuan Province
Architecture Firm: Sichuan LEDA Landscape Design Co., Ltd.
Website: www.sc-leda.com
Contact e-mail: leda0203@163.com
Lead Architects: Chen Yadong
Design Team: Yu Mingfeng, Zhong Qin, Su Yixiao, Zhou Xiaoyuan, Deng Huilong, Zou Hongbang, Wen Limei, Liu Lihong, Zou Lu, Zou Lijun, Cheng Rong, Zhou Jun, Lei Dong
Developer: Sichuan EVERBON Industrial Group Co., Ltd.
Team A: Wang Fei, Sun Wensheng,Li Meng, Su Ke, Zhang Zongtao, Yang Shanli
Flower border: Chengdu Lefandijing Horticulture Co., Ltd.
Lead designer: Du Peina, Liu Yu
Hua Jing Team: Yu Jianing, Wang Qi, Wei Congning, Yang Xiaoqing, Mi Zan, Liu Yonghong
Construction unit: Sichuan Shengshuang Garden Engineering Co., Ltd.
Photographer: Fanjing photography
Copywriting planning: Mooool’s perspective interpretation, second copy editing