hudong experiment: the CORNER garden, Shanghai by VIASCAPE design

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Thanks VIASCAPE design for authorizing the publication of the project on mooool, Text description and images provided by VIASCAPE design.

VIA维亚景观：在上海市浦东新区沪东新村街道中心腹地的寿二小区沿寿光路围墙内，现状绿化杂乱、居民私建晾衣架、场地破损的基础条件下，我们设计更新了一个占地360㎡的社区花园“角园”。而建于1990年代的寿二小区所在的“寿一、寿二片区”是沪东新村街道属地范围内从建筑空间布局最严谨最有特色的两个片区之一，另一个是建于1950年代的“沪东新村、沪一小区片区”。

VIASCAPE design：The site is at the southeast corner of Shou’er Community along the boundary wall. Considering that overgrown weeds are spreading, open space is illegally occupied with drying racks and the general physical appearance is decrepit, we proposed a new community garden with a total area of 360 SQM, the CORNER garden. Regarding the community planning, Shou’er community built in 1990’s, where the CORNER garden is now situated, is one of the two areas that possess clear and coherent spatial layout in Hudong Sub-district, the other is Hudong and Huyi Community which were built in 1950’s.

▽设计与日常并存 ©CreatAR Images

▽现状照片 ©VIA维亚景观

▽寿二小区整体空间布局呈现90°与45°两个格网互动的秩序关系 ©CreatAR Images

寿二小区的建筑布局是“正南北采光最优导致的生活体验合理性”与“倾斜的矩形用地街坊引发的空间聚落合理性”两个因素互动的产物，最终形成了以“90°”与“45°”两个方向空间约束的院落式的小区建筑聚落。这样的布局特征也自然在住宅占地以外形成了一系列的“角形”空间，这些空间目前的使用功能主要是：地面停车、小区公服设施、小区集中绿地、小广场、宅间绿地等。而本次设计的角园在更新前也是寿二小区内的一处“角形”宅间绿地，于是“角园”作为这个社区花园的名称也算是自然而然的。

The architectural layout of Shou’er Community comes out of the design principles of “south and north orientation gives the best sun exposure” and “tilted rectangular footprint generates integrated space”, which contribute to the final shape of Shou’er Community, a courtyard style cluster with 90 and 45 degree of orientation. This layout naturally produces a series of triangular spaces, which currently function as parking, public facility room, green space, small plaza, etc. And the site of the CORNER garden is one of these triangular spaces, then we named it after its triangular spatial character naturally, the CORNER garden.

▽午间的角园一角 ©CreatAR Images

▽角园中休憩与晾衣架使用的日常 ©CreatAR Images

▽角园的夜景 ©CreatAR Images

用晾衣架打破围墙

Renew the Streetscape with the CORNER Garden inside Community

角园是和VIA的另一个项目“纸片屋”几乎同时开始设计的，在这里除了居民希望可以有室外晾衣的功能之外，基本上是一个无主题设计。此外，由于角园位于紧邻小区围墙的小区边缘一角且场地面积过小，我们认为在这里不应当引入任何动态的活动，当以“静”为环境气氛设定，具有一定的简单休憩功能即可。

The CORNER garden is a part of Hudong Experiment which VIASCAPE proposed with Hudong Sub-district Office. During on-site research, we learned that residents strongly hope to have drying racks in the updated garden. And they do not want to implant overly dynamic activities in a quiet garden.

在第一次看现场的当时，我们就形成了最核心的更新设计策略，即：以晾衣架为功能与视觉上的第一要素，让晾衣架不仅满足使用功能要求，同时成为角园空间的“围合”界面，将晾衣架设计成“角形”的廊。同时，我们将廊与紧邻的小区围墙进行一体化设计，将部分小区围墙内退1米左右。于是，这个以晾衣为主要功能的角形的廊在转折向围墙界面的时候，也自然形成了面向寿光路的休憩空间。这样，一方面通过小区内部社区花园的更新可以提升相邻外部街景；另一方面，我们通过在围墙上植入的玻璃砖将夜间街道的路灯、车灯弱化后引入社区花园，形成不干扰居民生活休息又动态有趣的角园光影，也保证了位于小区最边角位置的公共空间在夜间使用上的心理安全。

In our regeneration strategy, the drying racks should be the primary visual and functional element, which is not merely a structure but an object that defines the space and a triangular gallery for recreation. We then marry the boundary wall and the triangular gallery, making part of the wall recess by 1 meter inwardly to form a zigzag interface that also creates recreational space toward Shouguang Road. The final design will improve the street view by showing the renovated garden from the inner side. Furthermore, the transparent glass brick wall will let the blurred street light projecting into the community garden, creating an interesting dynamic picture to improve psychological safety at the very corner of the community at night. Renewing the streetscape with a garden which is inside a community is the key experimental point in the design of the CORNER garden and the foundation of detailed spatial construction.

▽角园更新由内而外的提升了寿光路街景 ©CreatAR Images

▽角形廊架与小区围墙的一体化更新设计 ©CreatAR Images

▽从具有晾衣架功能的景观廊架看向角园内部 ©CreatAR Images

▽角园更新为寿光路沿线提供了街头休憩空间 ©CreatAR Images

▽角形廊架与红砖墙、玻璃砖墙、休闲坐凳的一体化设计 ©CreatAR Images

基于环境基因的角园空间建构

Design Based on the Environmental Genes

角园在总体上是由两部分构成的。一是临近小区支路的绿地部分，由草坪与乔木为主构成的绿色空间适当阻隔了道路沿线连续停车形成的不佳感受，令整体角园具备类似商业住宅景观项目中“组团入户花园”的体验感受；另一部分是靠近围墙较内向的空间，通过结合乔木的小尺度活动场地与通行空间的组织，形成相对稳定独立的林下休闲场所。并以具有晾衣架功能、结合局部围墙改建的白色廊围合两侧边界，形成角园的基础空间格局。

Our design makes the CORNER garden consisted of two parts. One is a green space adjacent to the community’s secondary driveway. We arranged a combination of lawn and trees to block the view from the vehicular road and parking space, making the garden more like a front garden in a typical contemporary apartment complex development. The other is the one close to the boundary wall. We stitched small-scale functional zones and pedestrians with trees, creating relative independent recreational space under the tree canopies. The installation of the drying rack was also incorporated in the structure of the white gallery built partially on the base of the boundary wall, forming the basic spatial layout of the garden.

▽一体化设计的树池坐凳与按照“2米×2米”模数设计的红砖铺设方式 ©CreatAR Images

▽保证行为与心理安全的柔和的景观照明 ©CreatAR Images

在具体的空间建构上，角园是完全基于寿二小区的环境基因进行设计的。在平面与空间关系上，角园的设计依据小区既有“90°”、“45°”两套格网的交织关系、以“2米×2米”的模数进行平面构成，并在局部结合树池、坐凳等设施做简洁的一体化空间设计；在主要材料选择上，采用与小区围墙同色的红砖为主，形成相对温暖质朴的环境感受，并以局部的玻璃砖导入温和动态的城市光影。考虑到更好的日照效果与景观化的休憩体验，以鸡爪槭为角园的主要乔木品种。

We design the CORNER garden by two sets of grids weaving together with the angles of 90° and 45° according to Shou’er community’s spatial genes. And we followed the grids with a 2x2M module to create the layout, optimizing the simple assembled design with tree pits and seating benches. Terracotta brick which has the same color with the boundary wall is the main material in the garden to create a warm vibe. And glass brick is also employed in the boundary wall to capture dynamic light and shadow from Shouguang Road.

▽透过玻璃砖墙引入柔和动态的城市光影 ©CreatAR Images

▽从西南侧居民楼一楼看角园夜景 ©CreatAR Images

▽角形廊架在角园尽端处形成的空间围合与向心感受 ©CreatAR Images

几张鸟瞰图片引发的思考

Problems and Possibilities

仔细观察寿二小区的整体鸟瞰、俯瞰图，我们会发现一些平时可能不太关注的现象，主要集中在三个方面。第一，不同时期根据当时需求更新的基础“角形”室外空间存在完全不同的空间语言与材质选择，除了本次更新的角园是基于环境基因进行设计的，其他都与寿二小区空间特征关系不大，位于小区中东部的角形小区广场显然存在空间过于集中、未能有效利用、容易引发居民聚集产生噪音等问题，而位于小区中西部小区公服设施北侧的较小的角形绿地则是以难以描述的复杂曲线来造景。很明显，不同时期对于老旧社区环境更新的认知肯定存在差异，但同时也反映出具备基础环境分析能力和专业设计素养的设计团队在老旧小区环境更新方面的介入程度在目前看依旧是不足的。第二，为解决老旧小区停车难问题，有关管理部门与基层政府投入大量精力，总体形成了高效有序的小区内部停车环境，但依旧存在一定数量零散的非停车与车辆通行场地可以优化梳理，其中一定比例的零散空间是可以用作绿化空间、提升小区绿量的。第三，平改坡的坡顶呈现总体以蓝色为主、局部褐色掺杂蓝色的状态，这应当是历时修补导致的，这都是在小区内相邻楼栋高区居民、周边高层小区居民的视线范围内的。

If the closer bird’s-eye view of Shou’er community is taken, three aspects of main problems will reveal, which are usually neglected. Firstly, multiple triangular outdoor spaces updated at different times are very different from each other about the spatial composition and material selection. Except for the CORNER garden, which is renewed based on its context, the appearance of other spaces does not fit into Shou’er Community’s spatial character. Some typical examples include:

The triangular plaza situated at the middle east of the community is too concentrated and utilized with low efficiency, may resulting in a large volume of noise from the crowd.

The relatively small triangular green space at the north side of the public service complex located in the middle west of the community is designed with weird complex curvy lines.

Secondly, we can see that the relevant management departments and grassroots governments have paid huge efforts to solve the problem of parking difficulties in old residential areas, there are still a certain number of scattered non parking and vehicle access areas that can be optimized and sorted out, such as using some scattered spaces as green spaces and increasing the green volume of the community.

Thirdly, the sloped roof has a fragmented color tone with the main blue colors and some spotted grey colors. This might result from different materials used in multiple renovation projects in the past years. These mixed colored roofs will be viewed as a ugly background for the residents from high floors and the adjacent high-rise buildings.

▽历次小区更新中涉及的角形空间与角园俯瞰 ©VIA维亚景观

很明显，这绝不是任何一个小区的个体问题，我们观察这些鸟瞰图片其实是具有窥斑见豹作用的。以上海为例，上海一直关注老旧小区改造提升，将其视为重要民生工程持续进行公共投资，但针对同一小区往往是以分批次的改造项目来历时完成改造更新的，有的还涉及不同主管部门的实施项目，这就对历次改造中涉及的空间利用方式、材料工艺更新迭代等诸多方面的连续性和协调统一性产生了挑战。同时，老旧小区在物业维修改造上大致是“居民保修-物业公司统计归纳-零星维修/街镇上报主管部门落实项目”的传统流程。如果基于全市推行的“社区规划师制度”，我们认为专业更新设计团队在老旧小区持续环境品质提升上还有较大的介入空间，可以从更完整的时空与专业视角为老旧小区的厘清问题清单、制定更新提升蓝图、把握社区环境基础特质与环境品质提升走向。

Obviously, these issues are not merely the specific problems of any single community but are generic for most communities. From a citywide perspective, Shanghai has always been concerned about the renovation and upgrading of old residential areas. However, fiscal funds are usually allocated in different batches through time. Some even involve different administrative departments. This will build up challenges like the continuity of spatial utilization approach, material detailing, etc. At the same time, a typical repair application still follows the traditional procedure. Considering the existing situation, we suggest community planners and qualified professional design teams should play a more critical role with a more complete perspective of time, space, and expertise in improving the environmental quality of the old communities according to the “community planner” system in Shanghai.

▽角园成为高密度社区环境中的一处暖光 ©CreatAR Images