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Carl-Viggo Hølmebakk：挪威沃林斯瀑布附近的一个项目在峡谷周围创造了一条连续的长廊，使182米高的瀑布成为了中心焦点。
Carl-Viggo Hølmebakk：The project at Vøringsfossen creates a continuous promenade around the canyon, making the 182m-high waterfall a central focus point.
横跨瀑布峡谷的阶梯桥不仅是建筑学概念的关键，也是四条现有人行道的连接器，它们在半空中相交，从而形成了几何形状的桥梁结构。
The Stair Bridge spanning over the waterfall is not only a key to the architectural concept, but also a connector of four existing footpaths that intersect in mid-air, thus forming the geometry of the bridge structure.
总体描述 General description
Vøringsfossen是挪威最大的瀑布，自19世纪初以来一直是一个旅游景点。沿着大峡谷引人注目的陡峭边缘，设有几个瞭望台可以观看瀑布。尽管作为挪威最受欢迎的景点之一，但该地区交通不便且十分危险，还曾发生过几起悲惨事故。此外，大量的人流也导致当地原生的地形地貌受到严重磨损。
Vøringsfossen is the largest waterfall in Norway and has been a tourist attraction since the early 1800’s. The waterfall can be seen from several lookout points along the dramatic edge of the deep canyon. Despite being one of the most visited attractions in Norway, the area has been inaccessible and dangerous, and the scene of several tragic accidents. Also, large amounts of foot traffic has led to the terrain being severely worn down.
根据2009年的一个竞赛提案，这里自2015年起开始了建设新的无障碍、服务和安全设施。完整的瀑布区设施建设将于2024年完工。
New facilities for accessibility, service and safety have been under construction since 2015, based on the competition proposal from 2009. The complete waterfall area will be finished in 2024.
除了阶梯桥，该项目还包括修建超过一公里长的安全围栏、几个景观瞭望台和小桥、两座服务大楼，以及一个内含咖啡馆和商店的游客中心。整个阶梯桥区域属于四个施工阶段中的第二个阶段。
Besides the Stair Bridge, the project contains more than one kilometre of fences, several lookout platforms and small bridges, two service buildings, and a visitors’ centre with a café and shop. The Stair Bridge area is the second of four construction stages.
概念/背景和策略 Concept/ Context and strategy
在设计过程中，我们格外密切地与场地和地形进行互动。大部分的设计都是直接在现场开展的，具体方法是在现场架起绳索，以1:1的比例绘制3D实物图。然后对绳索进行扫描和数字化处理，为利用3D软件进行深入开发项目提供准确的坐标和地形图。该项目可以在保持地形变化最小的情况下进行建设。
During the design process there has been an unusually close interaction with the site and terrain. Most of the design has been done on site by stringing up ropes and making physical 3D-drawings at 1:1 in the field. The ropes were then scanned and digitalized, providing exact coordinates and terrain profiles for developing the project further using 3D-software. The project could be built while keeping terrain alterations to the minimum.
一个重要的设计标准来自于地质学家，他制定了一个准则，即所有地基都要从峡谷边缘向后退1.5米。这一要求在概念上表现为材料的转变，悬臂在悬崖边上的建筑是由预制钢制成的，而地基和地板表面则向后退，由现浇混凝土制成，精确地适应了地形。
An important design criterium came from the geologist, who set a guideline for all foundations to be set back 1.5 meters from the canyon. This requirement has manifested conceptually as a shift of materials, where constructions that cantilever over the cliff’s edge are made of prefabricated steel, while foundations and floor surfaces are set back and made of in-situ concrete, precisely adapted to the terrain.
尽管从现有的地形中汲取了大量的灵感，但该项目并不仅仅是根据场地条件来进行构思的。相反，我们的目标是沿着道路形成清晰的场所和特征，作为建筑对景观的具体 “回应”。
Despite taking strong ques from the existing topography, the project has not been conceived merely as a consequence of the site conditions. Our ambition was, rather, to form clear places and characters along the path, as a suite of specific architectural “reactions” to the landscape.
施工/材料和结构 Construction/ Materials and structure
所有的钢结构均为喷砂不锈钢。在焊接和喷砂之前它们是分段预制的，施工过程中主要借由直升机作业进行安装。桥梁和瞭望台的底板为6mm厚的不锈钢，固定在不同的框架结构上，其尺寸从空心截面的50mm*50mm到阶梯桥主梁的300mm*800mm不等。
All steel constructions are sandblasted stainless steel. They were prefabricated in segments and mounted mainly by helicopter before they were welded together and sandblasted. The bridges and lookout platforms have floorplates of 6mm stainless steel fixed onto different frame structures with dimensions varying from 50mm by 50mm hollow sections, to the main beams of the Stair Bridge of a 300mm by 800mm.
地形中的路径和场地通常遵循着现有的道路网络而设置。在整个项目中，连续的安全围栏起到了引导的作用。根据地形条件修建较小幅度的楼梯和台阶，以增加通过不平坦地形的可达性，一些区域已经实现了普遍的无障碍通达性。
The paths and places in the terrain generally follow the existing network of paths. The continuous safety fence acts as a wayfinder throughout the project. Smaller stairs and steps have been established to increase accessibility across the uneven terrain. Certain areas have been made universally accessible.
在有磨损迹象的区域、储存场和废弃的道路周围，将会重新栽种当地植被，使其恢复到自然状态。
Areas with signs of wear, storage fields and disused road structures are to be revegetated with local plant species and restored to their natural state.
该项目采用的是几乎免维护的材料，由挪威公共道路管理局进行日常管理。除了钢筋混凝土结构和景观工程外，该项目还包括家具、标识和其他服务设备。
The project takes use of almost maintenance free materials, and is under daily management by the Norwegian Public Roads Administration. In addition to the steel and concrete constructions and landscape works, the project also comprises furniture, signage, and other service equipment.
▽总平面图 Master Plan
▽平面图 Plan
▽剖面图 Section
项目名称：VØRINGSFOSSEN 瀑布区
完成年份：2012 年 – 进行中（2024 年完成）
场地面积：188,000平方米
项目地点：挪威
景观/建筑公司：Carl-Viggo Hølmebakk AS
公司网站：www.holmebakk.com
联系邮箱：post@holmebakk.no
首席建筑师：Carl-Viggo Hølmebakk
设计团队：Rickard Riesenfeld、Hilde Rostadmo、Anette Bringsverd、Quentin Le Guen-Geoffrey、Lone Sjøli、Jan Martin Klauza、Stefan Hurrell、Niklas Lenander、Halvard Amble、Elisabeth Øymo、Carl-Viggo Hølmebakk
客户：Norwegian Scenic Routes (Norwegian Public Roads Administration)
合作者：
结构工程师：Dok. Techn. Kristoffer Apeland AS
特别顾问建设：Finn-Erik Nilsen AS
暖通空调：Norconsult
服务工程师：Norconsult
地质：多方咨询
交通：Multiconsult
植物设计：Villvin landskap
挪威生物经济研究所：NIBIO
承包商：Mesta AS
承包商：OL Kythe AS, Consolvo AS
照片来源：所有照片由Carl-Viggo Hølmebakk提供
Carl-Viggo Hølmebakk
Per Berntsen
Norfilm
摄影师网站：
http://www.holmebakk.com/
https://www.perberntsen.com/
https://www.norfilm.no/
Project name: VØRINGSFOSSEN WATERFALL AREA
Completion Year: 2012 – ongoing (completion 2024)
Size: 188,000 m2 (site area)
Project location: Vøringsfossen, Eidfjord, Norway
Landscape/Architecture Firm: Carl-Viggo Hølmebakk AS
Website: www.holmebakk.com
Contact e-mail: post@holmebakk.no
Lead Architects: Carl-Viggo Hølmebakk
Design Team: Rickard Riesenfeld, Hilde Rostadmo, Anette Bringsverd, Quentin Le Guen-Geoffrey, Lone Sjøli, Jan Martin Klauza, Stefan Hurrell, Niklas Lenander, Halvard Amble, Elisabeth Øymo, Carl-Viggo Hølmebakk
Clients: Norwegian Scenic Routes (Norwegian Public Roads Administration)
Collaborators:
Dok. Techn. Kristoffer Apeland AS (structural engineer)
Finn-Erik Nilsen AS (special advisor construction)
Norconsult (HVAC)
Norconsult (services engineer)
Multiconsult (geology)
Multiconsult, Structor (traffic)
Villvin landskap (vegetation)
Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO)
Mesta AS (contractor)
O L Kythe AS (contractor)
Consolvo AS (contractor)
Photo credits: All photos courtesy of Carl-Viggo Hølmebakk.
Carl-Viggo Hølmebakk
Per Berntsen
Norfilm
Photographer’s website:
http://www.holmebakk.com/
https://www.perberntsen.com/
https://www.norfilm.no/
“ 在地景观，因环境而生的景区游览设计。”
审稿编辑：Simin
更多 Read more about：Carl-Viggo Hølmebakk
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