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Munarq Architects：在乡村生活意味着暴露在大自然中，也意味着一种开放感。为了营造乡村生活的氛围，该住宅融入了天井的概念，并保持天井的面积与主住宅的面积相等。
这个经过精心设计的空间可以适应不断变化的需求，成为人们聚集、思考和交流的圣地。开放与封闭元素之间的相互作用，既培育了社区感，又让人有独处和沉思的时刻。这些缝隙不仅勾勒出周围的景观，还能引入自然光，提升氛围，并在室内外环境之间形成动态互动。
Munarq Architects：Living in the countryside means being exposed to the elements and a sense of openness. To counteract this, the house incorporates the concept of a patio, with a surface area equal to that of the main house.
This thoughtfully designed space adapts to changing needs, serving as a sanctuary where people can gather, reflect, and engage. The interplay between open and closed elements fosters a sense of community while allowing for moments of solitude and introspection. The gaps not only frame the surrounding landscape but also invite natural light to filter in, enhancing the ambiance and creating a dynamic interaction between the interior and exterior environments.
建筑材料与自然环境完美融合，强调可持续性和与环境的和谐。泥土、石灰和石头共同构成了建筑结构，体现了对传统建筑技术的传承和对当地资源的利用。这片建筑绿洲见证了人类智慧与自然世界的美丽之间的平衡，为人们提供了一处庇护与交流的场所。
The materials used in the construction blend seamlessly with the natural surroundings, emphasizing sustainability and harmony with the environment. Earth, lime, and stones come together to form the structure, reflecting a commitment to traditional building techniques and local resources. This architectural oasis stands as a testament to the balance between human ingenuity and the beauty of the natural world, offering a place of refuge and connection.
该建筑群创造了一个分层空间，供人居住，它被设想为一个多功能的边界，允许各种情况发生。它是一个遮蔽性的围墙，可以遮挡阳光、风和广袤的田野，将人包围在一个半封闭的区域，同时又留有缝隙可以欣赏美景。
The cluster creates a hierarchical space meant to be occupied, envisioned as a versatile boundary where various situations can occur. It is a sheltered enclosure, providing protection from the sun, the wind, and the vastness of the field, enclosing you in a semi-closed area while opening gaps that offer views.
绿洲 OASIS
“绿洲”一词的定义是“在生活的惩罚或折磨中的喘息、休息和庇护所”。建筑绿洲的概念则包含：植被、水，与周围环境隔离，同时也是重要的庇护所。
空隙创造了一个作为第二生活区的空间。它更具公共性，但仍能提供必要的亲密感。这种空间上的二元性唤起了人们对一座没有屋顶、饱经岁月风霜的房屋的记忆。
The term oasis is defined as “respite, rest, refuge in the penalties or setbacks of life”. This concept of architectural oasis: vegetation, water, isolated from the surrounding landscape and also as a vital shelter
The void creates a space that serves as a secondary living area. It’s more public, yet still provides the necessary intimacy. This spatial dichotomy evokes the memory of a house without a roof, weathered by the passage of time.
道砟墙 Ballast
道砟墙（Ballast）是 20 世纪 50 年代马略卡岛当地采用的一种建造技术。
该建筑系统以道砟墙（混有各种大小骨料、石块和石灰的土壤）为基础。内部围墙的道砟墙厚度为 25 厘米，外加 10 厘米的木纤维隔热层和 20 厘米厚的当地陶土砖墙。两面墙之间用开放式扩散膜作防水处理，以确保围墙的透气性。
开放式扩散膜对于控制湿气至关重要，它允许适当的通风，并防止湿气积聚而导致结构损坏。这种防水方法有助于延长建筑物的整体寿命，同时保持健康的室内环境。通过将传统材料与现代技术相结合，道砟墙系统在功能性和可持续性之间实现了和谐平衡，体现了对环境和建筑原则的高度尊重。
Ballast is a local technique that was used in Mallorca in the 1950s.
The construction system is based on ballast walls (soil mixed with aggregates of various sizes, stone, and lime). For the interior enclosure walls, the ballast is 25 cm thick, with 10 cm of wood fiber insulation and a 20 cm thick local ceramic brick wall. Waterproofing is achieved with an open diffusion membrane placed between the two walls to ensure the breathability of the enclosures.
The open diffusion membrane is crucial in managing moisture, allowing for proper ventilation and preventing the accumulation of dampness that can lead to structural damage. This approach to waterproofing supports the overall longevity of the building while maintaining a healthy indoor environment. By combining traditional materials with modern techniques, the ballast wall system creates a harmonious balance between functionality and sustainability, reflecting a deep respect for both environmental and architectural principles.
内墙抹灰 INTERIOR EARTHEN PLASTER
在室内，隔墙涂有泥土和石灰的混合物，为潮湿的气候创造了有利的湿热环境。这种传统技术不仅能提高建筑物的热性能，还能通过调节湿度改善室内空气质量。该方法不仅能提高能源效，还能降低发霉和结露的风险，因此特别适合高湿度地区。此外，当地材料的使用符合可持续建筑理念，环保的同时还能带来一定的经济效益。
泥土石灰混合物可作为天然缓冲剂，吸收和散发水气，营造稳定舒适的室内环境。
Inside, the partitions are coated with a blend of earth and lime, creating a favorable hygrothermal environment for our humid climate. This traditional technique not only enhances the thermal performance of the building but also contributes to better indoor air quality by regulating humidity levels. This approach not only improves energy efficiency but also reduces the risk of mold and condensation, making it particularly suitable for regions with high humidity. Additionally, the use of local materials aligns with sustainable building practices, offering both environmental and economic benefits.
The earth-lime mixture acts as a natural buffer, absorbing and releasing moisture to maintain a comfortable and stable indoor climate.
道砟墙是一种可持续的创新建筑方法，它利用天然材料创造出高效耐用的结构。使用混合了骨料和石灰的土壤不仅能提供结构稳定性，还能增加热质量，有助于调节室内温度。木质纤维隔热材料的加入减少了热量损失，提高了舒适度，从而提高了建筑的能效。当地的陶土砖则为建筑增加了一层额外的热保护和耐用性。
Ballast walls represent a sustainable and innovative approach to construction, leveraging natural materials to create effective and durable structures. The use of soil mixed with aggregates and lime not only provides structural stability but also contributes to thermal mass, helping to regulate indoor temperatures. The inclusion of wood fiber insulation enhances the energy efficiency of the building by reducing heat loss and improving comfort. Local ceramic bricks add an additional layer of thermal protection and durability.
稻草覆盖 Straw Coverage
屋顶使用 35x40x80 厘米的稻草块隔热，稻草块放置在层压木梁之间。这种设置形成了一个致密、完整的隔热层，其隔热性能优于 30 厘米的挤塑聚苯乙烯。稻草砌块不仅具有出色的隔热性能，还通过利用天然可再生材料，为可持续建筑实践做出贡献。稻草和层压木材的组合提高了建筑物的整体能效，有助于有效调节室内温度。
包裹在横梁之间的稻草块形成了一道坚固的隔热屏障，最大限度地减少了热量流失，提高了室内舒适度。此外，这种天然隔热材料还有助于调节湿度和透气性，对保持健康的室内环境至关重要。稻草的使用符合环保建筑原则，减少了对合成材料的依赖，降低了建筑对自然环境的影响。这种方法还有助于提高建筑的耐久性，因为稻草既有弹性又能有效营造舒适的居住环境，同时还能促进可持续建筑实践。
The roof is insulated using straw blocks measuring 35x40x80 cm, which are placed between laminated wood beams. This setup creates a dense and well-integrated insulation layer that provides thermal performance superior to 30 cm of extruded polystyrene. The straw blocks not only offer excellent insulation properties but also contribute to sustainable building practices by utilizing natural, renewable materials. The combination of straw and laminated wood enhances the overall energy efficiency of the building, helping to regulate indoor temperatures effectively.
The straw blocks, encased between the beams, form a robust thermal barrier that minimizes heat loss and improves indoor comfort. Additionally, this natural insulation material supports moisture regulation and breathability, crucial for maintaining a healthy indoor climate. The use of straw aligns with eco-friendly construction principles, reducing reliance on synthetic materials and lowering the environmental impact of the building. This method also contributes to the building’s durability, as straw is both resilient and effective in creating a comfortable living environment while promoting sustainable construction practices.
项目名称：Ca na Pau / Earthen Oasis
地点：西班牙 Binissalem
项目启动时间：2021 年
竣工时间：2024 年
总建筑面积：300 平方米
团队：munarq arquitectes
照片：Ricard Lopez
Project name: Ca na Pau / Earthen Oasis
Location: Binissalem
Project start: 2021
Completion: 2024
Gross floor area: 300 m²
Team: munarq arquitectes
Photos: Ricard Lopez
“ 从泥土到绿洲。”
审稿编辑：SIM
更多 Read more about：Munarq Architects
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