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MVRDV：台南“河乐广场”是一个城市公共空间设计项目，包括将位于市中心的老旧台南中国城改造成一个被植被环绕的城市泻湖，这些植物将随着时间的发展渐成郁郁葱葱的丛林，也将重新连接城市与自然和水岸。受业主（台南市政府城市发展局）委托，MVRDV完成的总体规划使台南运河东侧的“T”型轴线焕然一新，并提出了一个新的景观策略，将旧台南中国城和一公里长的海安路整合起来。除了新的公共广场和城市景观水池，该项目还包括改善公共交通系统、减少交通流量以及增加在地原生植被。
MVRDV：Tainan Spring is a public space design that includes the transformation of a former city-centre shopping mall into an urban lagoon surrounded by young plants that will develop into a lush jungle, reconnecting the city with nature and its waterfront. Commissioned by the Urban Development Bureau of the Tainan City Government, the completed masterplan rejuvenates a ‘T-Axis’ to the East of the Tainan Canal, creating a new landscape strategy to unify the site of the former China Town Mall and a kilometre-long stretch of the city’s Haian Road. In addition to the new public square and urban pool, the plan includes improved public pathways, a reduction in traffic, and the addition of local plants.
自17世纪以来，台南的运河网络一直是该市海洋渔业的基础，但到了上世纪80年代，这一历史悠久的城市生活方式发生转变。1983年，台南运河旁兴建了台南中国城商场，然而一段时间后，这座大型的商业建筑已不再发挥预期的作用，也耗尽了台南市中心片区的活力。台南“河乐广场”项目提出了一个老旧商场空间再利用的解决方案，它在网络购物逐渐取代线下实体购物的当下，探讨了一种时间和空间转换的可能性。
Tainan’s water network served as the basis for the city’s marine and fishing industry since the 17th century, but the 1980s saw the city depart from this historic urban approach. China-Town Mall was built on top of the old harbour next to the Tainan Canal in 1983. A large commercial structure that no longer serves its intended purpose, it has become a drain on the vitality of downtown Tainan. Tainan Spring shows what solutions are possible for unused shopping malls now that online shopping is supplanting physical stores.
▽下沉广场 Sinking square
改造过程中，台南中国城商场被拆除，原有的建材经过巧妙地回收再利用，这一举措也使该项目成为循环经济的创新典范。商场的地下停车场被改造成一个下沉的公共广场，城市景观水池和繁茂的本土植物掩映其中，并被遮阳的半开敞回廊环绕。经过精心设计的景观水池成为四季可游玩的理想聚会场所：水池的水位会随着雨季和旱季而升降变化，在炎炎夏日里，喷雾系统可以降低户外温度，为游客提供舒适的环境摆脱闷热，同时也能减少空调的使用。该广场空间可以作为游乐场、聚会空间和演出舞台，同时，保留的建筑混凝土框架经过巧妙地拆解和利用，可以被适当地改造成小商店、报刊亭或其他便利设施。
The China-Town mall has been removed and meticulously recycled, making the project an innovative example of the circular economy. The mall’s underground parking level has been transformed into a sunken public plaza dominated by an urban pool and verdant local plants and surrounded by a shadowed arcade. The pool has been carefully planned to be a perfect gathering spot for all seasons: the water level will rise and fall in response to the rainy and dry seasons, and in hot weather mist sprayers will reduce the local temperature to provide welcome relief to visitors, reducing the use of air conditioning in the summer months. This space hosts playgrounds, gathering spaces, and a stage for performances, while the artful deconstruction of the building’s concrete frame has left a number of follies that can in due course be converted to shops, kiosks, and other amenities.
▽被拆解保留的建筑结构成为活动场地的背景 The preserved building structure becomes the background of the space
▽喷雾系统可以在夏季降低户外温度 Spray system can reduce outdoor temperature in summer
此外，透过玻璃地板可以看到地下二层的部分结构，它有助于让人们进一步了解场地历史，并展示其曾作为台南历史重要组成部分的价值。这种保护历史旧址的创新方式，意味着该场地没有以刷新抹白的方式被清除而焕然一新——而是将原商场的地基突出于公园和泻湖之上，就像一个当代罗马广场，为过去关闭运河而建立商场的历史决定提供了一个视觉记忆地标。
In addition, a portion of the structure of the second basement level below has been exposed with a glass floor, allowing people to further understand the history of the site and appreciate the former mall as an important part of Tainan’s history. This new way of preserving heritage meant that the site was not cleared and renewed in a tabula rasa approach – instead the foundations of the former mall stick out of the park and the lagoon like a contemporary Roman Forum, offering a visual marker of the historical decision to close a port in favour of a mall.
▽建筑结构成为艺术性元素融入城市广场 The architectural structure has become an artistic element and integrated into the square
MVRDV设计“河乐广场”的一个关键性策略是将绿色带入城市中。因而，公共广场和海安路段都引入了大面积植被。利用当地各种原生植物混合种植在一起，模拟台南东部的天然绿色景观：乔、灌、草植物搭配形成多层次绿化景观。种植床中的植物疏密度根据所属区域的业态而变化，为介于两者之间的人和植被提供了更多空间。当前海安路段的项目已竣工完成，花坛中新种的植物也已逐渐生长，设计愿景中预想的一个郁郁葱葱的花园，大概还需要两到三年的时间才能完全实现。
A key part of MVRDV’s strategy for Tainan Spring was to bring the greenery to the city. As a result, both the public square and Haian Road see the introduction of large areas of planting, which makes use of local plant species mixed together in a way that emulates the natural verdant landscape located to the east of Tainan, with trees, shrubs, and grasses providing multiple layers of vegetation. The density of these plant beds varies in response to the shop frontages, providing more space for people where needed and for plants in between. Now that construction is complete, the design will take another two to three years to be fully realised as the freshly planted beds gradually grow into the lush garden that was envisioned.
“在‘河乐广场’，人们可以在绿意盎然的商场旧址上沐浴。孩子们很快就可以在过去的建筑废墟中玩水嬉戏——这多么奇妙！” MVRDV的联合创始人Winy Maas说道：“受台南城市历史的启发，原始丛林和水都是重要的灵感来源。台南是一个非常“灰暗”的城市，随着绿色丛林被重新引入每一个可能的角落，这座城市也将重新融入周围的风景。从海安路的种植区可以看出，重新引入绿色植物是我们总体规划中的一个重要环节。我们混合种植了本土植物品种来模仿台南东部的自然景观，我认为这座城市将因此受益匪浅。”
“In Tainan Spring, people can bathe in the overgrown remains of a shopping mall. Children will soon be swimming in the ruins of the past – how fantastic is that?” says Winy Maas, founding partner of MVRDV. “Inspired by the history of the city, both the original jungle and the water were important sources of inspiration. Tainan is a very grey city. With the reintroduction of the jungle to every place that was possible, the city is reintegrating into the surrounding landscape. That the reintroduction of greenery was an important thread in our master plan can be seen in the planting areas on Haian Road. We mixed local plant species so that they mimic the natural landscape east of Tainan. I think the city will benefit greatly from this.”
去年完成的海安路改造项目为这条台南最热闹的街道带来了新的生机。现在这里的道路改为了单向车道，街上的车辆也已经减少。与此同时，整体统一的混凝土地砖铺面取代了多年累积的各种不同材料拼接的路面，绿化景观延续了其他地方已成熟的自然而丰富的植物种植手法。该项目还改善了这条街道最不和谐的元素，即许多从地下侵入公共空间的大型通风井，虽然这些基础设施元素无法移除，但经过统一的色彩涂鸦，尽量从视觉上减少了它们的存在感。项目竣工后，台南市也邀请了一些当地艺术家来装饰这些基础设施。
The renovation of Haian Road, which was completed last year, has brought new life to one of Tainan’s most lively streets. Traffic on the street has been reduced, with cars now occupying just a single lane in each direction. Meanwhile a unifying concrete tile surface has replaced a patchwork of different paving treatments that had built up over the years, and the planting strategy continues the abundant, natural approach employed elsewhere. The project also addresses one of the street’s most negative features, the many large ventilation shafts that intrude onto the public space from below ground. While these infrastructural elements could not be removed, they have been painted a uniform colour in an attempt to minimise their visual presence. The city of Tainan then selected a number of local artists to decorate these structures.
河乐广场是MVRDV公司今年将在台南完成的两个项目之一，另一个项目“台南新化果菜市场”目前处于最后施工阶段。台南河乐广场由MVRDV与多领域专家团队共同完成，包括合作建筑师李丽如建筑师事务所，可持续性和景观顾问都市里人规划设计有限公司，结构顾问长浩结构技师事务所，交通规划顾问鼎汉国际工程顾问，照明设计顾问立恒灯光设计有限公司、机电顾问弘电工业联合技师事务所，以及施工方涌基营造工程有限公司。
Tainan Spring is the first of two MVRDV projects that will be completed in Tainan this year, with the Tainan Wholesale Market currently in the final stages of construction to the east of the city. Tainan Spring was completed by MVRDV alongside an interdisciplinary team of experts including local architects LLJ Architects, sustainability/landscape and urban designers The Urbanists Collaborative, structural engineers consultant Evergreat Associates, SE., transportation planners THI Consultants Inc., lighting designers LHLD Lighting Design, MEP engineers Frontier Tech Institute, and General Contractor Yong-ji Construction Co. Ltd.
▽海安路改造总平面图 Master plan of the city’s Haian Road
▽河乐广场平面图 Plan of Tainan spring
项目名称：Tainan spring
项目地点：中国 台湾 台南市
完成时间：2020年
预算：4700000
面积：54600平方米
项目主题：休闲空间、可持续发展、城市转型
客户：台南市政府城市发展局
设计单位：MVRDV
设计负责人：Winy Maas
合伙人：Wenchian Shi、Jeroen Zuidgeest
项目协调人：Hui Hsin Liao
设计团队：Hui Hsin Liao、Angel Sanchez Navarro、Stephan Boon、Xiaoting Chen、Chi Yi Liao、Dong Min Lee、Andrea Anselmo、Yi-Chien Liao、Zuliandi Azli、Olivier Sobels
可视化：Antonio Luca Coco、Costanza Cuccato、Davide Calabro、Paolo Mossa Idra
版权所有：MVRDV：MVRDV Winy Maas, Jacob van Rijs, Nathalie de Vries
照片：© Daria Scagliola
Project Name: Tainan spring
Venue: Tainan, Taiwan, China
Completion time: 2020
Budget: 4700000
Area: 54600 square meters
Project theme: leisure space, sustainable development, urban transformation
Client: Urban Development Bureau of Tainan Municipal Government
Designer: MVRDV
Design Director: winy Maas
Partners: wenchian Shi, Jeroen zuidgeest
Project Coordinator: Hui Hsin Liao
Design team: Hui Hsin Liao, angel Sanchez Navarro, Stephan boon, Xiaoting Chen, Chi Yi Liao, Dong min Lee, Andrea Anselmo, Yi Chien Liao, zuliandi azli, Olivier Sobels
Visualization: Antonio Luca coco, Costanza cuccato, Davide Calabro, Paolo MOSSA Idra
Copyright: MVRDV: MVRDV win Maas, Jacob van Rijs, Nathalie de Vries
photographer: © Daria Scagliola
“ 历史建筑经过艺术性拆解和保留，矗立在广场上方成为独特的景观地标。”
审稿编辑：Simin
更多 Read more about: MVRDV
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