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怡境：迈入老年，是每个人都会经历的过程。如何健康、安心、无忧的漫享晚年，是当前社会老年群体面对的现实难题，也是未来的我们将要面临的一大挑战。根据中国老龄协会提供的数据，截止到2017年末，全国60岁及以上老年人口达2.41亿，占总人口的17.3%；而中国的人口老龄高峰将于2030年左右到来，并持续20余年，预计到2050年前后，老年人口数量将达到4.87亿之多。面对规模日益激增的老年群体，构建适宜老年人生活的物质空间环境，是当前养老形势的切实需要，亦是支撑我国养老事业长期发展的基本条件。
GVL: Aging is a natural process for everyone. How to lead a healthy and carefree later life is the problem faced by the elderly today and a great challenge for us in the future as well. According to the data provided by China Association of the Elderly, by the end of 2017, the number of people over 60 years old had reached 241 million, making up 17.3% of the whole population of the nation. And in 2030, the aging population will reach a peak and continue for 20 years. Around 2050, China’s aging population will grow to a predicted 487 million. With the growth of the aging population, there’s an increasing demand for a better environment for later life, which is also essential for the sustainable development of the aging industry.
▼实景鸟瞰 Aerial View
与普通的景观设计不同，适老环境建设需要更多地“以人为本”，需要根据老年人的生理特征及心理特征，准确把握老年人的功能需求及景观需求。由此，回应当前适老环境建设议题，怡境设计团队提出了“善意景观”的设计理念，即以“善”为先，接纳、包容老年人的生理及心理需要；然后用“心”设计，透过空间布局与细节设置，为老人建构如家般温暖的照护空间。让老年群体不仅能得到专业的照料，还能释放情感与内心，安享“离家不离家”的养老体验。
Different from common landscape design, the building of the environment for the elderly should be more people-oriented, taking the physical and psychological demands of the elderly into consideration. In response to the current discussion, GVL team has put forward the design idea of “caring landscape” which puts “care” first, accepts and satisfies the elderly both physically and psychologically. With careful design, reasonable arrangement and caring details, it will build a homelike nursing space for the elderly, which will not only provide the elderly with professional care but also allow them to live freely and feel at home.
▼总平图 Master plan
重庆龙湖的首个养老项目——龙湖新壹城颐年公寓，其屋顶康复花园的设计，是怡境设计团队践行“善意景观”的重要实践。设计团队希望，我们所身处的城市，不仅要成为年轻人为理想奋斗的场所，更要成为老年群体漫度晚年的颐居之地。一处倾注了“善意”的康复花园，若能在城市中引发多米诺效应，进而产生更多充满“善意”的适老活动空间，最终让整个城市都充满“善”与“美”，这一图景将是怡境设计团队与龙湖团队最期望的部分，也是“善意景观”理念的初衷。
The Care Building of the Glorious City is the first elderly-care project by Longfor Chongqing, whose roof garden is designed GVL with the idea of “caring landscape”. The design team hope that the city where we live is not only for the young to realize their dreams but also for the elderly to enjoy their later life. A healing garden designed with great care, if it creates a domino effect in the city and inspires more elderly-care spaces, will finally fill the city with kindness and beauty. This is what GVL and Longfor both look forward to and it is also the true meaning of caring landscape.
▼视频 Video
“善意景观，为老年人而设计，也为将来的自己。”
Caring landscape designed for the elderly and also for ourselves in the future.
善意景观，即“善”于包容老年群体需求。为此，设计团队专门参考了国内外对老年群体的生理及心理特征的论述，研究了不同年龄阶段、不同健康程度老人的生理、心理特点，并依据老年人体工程学、养老设施专项规范，对相应设计细节进行了斟酌考量。
在归纳各类老人的活动需求及所需设施配置后，总结并构建了适宜各类老年人日常活动功能的六大主要模块：康体健身、园艺疗养、休憩交流、儿童游乐、宠物乐园、文化活动。在实际运用时，设计团队再根据项目的实际需求，灵活的选取各功能模块、配套设施进行组合。
Caring Landscape means satisfying the needs of the elderly. Therefore, the design team has referred to the local and international studies on the physical and psychological characteristics of the elderly, analyzing the demands of people of different ages and various health conditions. The researches show that a series of physical and psychological changes will take place when someone enters his or her later life.
After understanding the needs of the elderly, GVL has designed six main functions in the garden: health care and fitness, gardening and rehabilitation, communication and recreation, children’s playground, pet paradise, and cultural activities. The team has combined different functions flexibly according to the practical demands.
本次康复花园项目位于龙湖新壹城颐年公寓17层屋顶，主要服务公寓内的介助老人和介护老人。为了尽可能消解老人由于生理机能下降、抵抗力下降、新陈代谢放缓、认知能力下降带来的消极情绪，设计团队以康复景观为媒介，通过引导老人进行户外的园艺活动、康体锻炼、交流互动，促进老人的幸福感、归属感，从而提高老人生活质量。因此，综合考虑项目实际情况与理论研究成果后，设计团队重点打造活力健身、园艺疗养、交流休闲三大功能模块。
The roof garden is located on the 17th floor, which is intended to serve the elderly living in the apartments. To relieve the elderly’s negative emotions caused by physiological decline, GVL team has tried to encourage them to participate in outdoor activities, do exercises and communicate with others. In this way, the elderly will feel happier and have the sense of belongings. It will finally improve the life quality of the elderly. With the analysis on the practical conditions, the team decided to focus on gardening therapy, physical exercises, and communication.
▼活力健身 Exercise
调动老人锻炼的积极性是促进老人锻炼的重要环节。在活力健身模块，设计团队通过构筑环形跑道、流线型的彩虹廊架，以趣味性和丰富的空间色彩，激发老人运动的兴趣和成就感。
Stimulating the initiative of the elderly is the first step to encourage them to do exercise. The circular running track and the linear rainbow pergola as well as the interesting and colorful space will encourage the elderly to do exercise and have the sense of achievement.
▼跑道上的刻度与提示语鼓励老人锻炼 The marks and words on the running track will encourage the elderly to do exercise
▼老人运动累了可在有扶手的坐凳上休息 Benches with armrests for having a rest after exercises
彩虹廊架的构思源于自然光分解，设计团队期望阳光透过彩虹廊架能够形成斑斓的彩虹色，引导老年人对空间色彩的感知，从而激发运动的兴趣与活力。
The rainbow pergola is inspired by the scattering of natural light. The team hopes to imitate the effect of a rainbow with the natural light shining through the pergola and scattering in different directions. It will arouse the elderly to get interested in colors and exercises.
环形跑道上每隔一定距离作刻度与提示语，如“恭喜你，又完成一圈”字样，让老人对自己的运动量有明确的目标和计量，鼓励老人提升锻炼时长，在运动中积累成就感。同时，也可让老人根据治疗进度，自发且合理地安排自身活动强度。
On the surface of the track, marks and words, for example, “Congratulations on one more loop!”, are painted to make the elderly clear about their progress and bring the sense of achievement. At the same time, it will enable the elderly to decide amount of their exercise according to their heath conditions.
园艺疗养，不同于物理或化学治疗方法，是指健康或亚健康的群体通过利用植物或围绕植物展开各类活动，以此促进人们身心健康与精神恢复。因此，园艺疗养空间尤其注重营造近似自然的空间体验，包括模拟自然形态配置的本土植物、采用木质材料设计的种植池，各项细节都力求老人在花园中能感受亲切、舒适、自然的空间氛围。
Gardening therapy is quite different from physical or chemical therapies. It refers to healthy or sub-healthy people make use of the plants to hold different activities which aim to promote both mental and physical health. Thus the design of this space pays special attention to creating a natural atmosphere. There are well-arranged local plants and wooden plant beds which allow the elderly to feel friendly, comfortable and free.
▼园艺疗养 Gardening Therapy
▼特意抬高的种植池，坐轮椅的老人可靠近进行园艺操作 The plant beds are elevated to be reachable for the elderly who sit in wheelchairs
促进老人与植物的互动，是园艺疗养的重要环节。场地中设置了园艺种植池，让无论是步行、坐轮椅的老人皆可亲密接触草木花卉。
设计团队仔细研究了种植池的尺寸，保证坐轮椅的老人也能在种植池上自如的操作。种植池底部距离地面0.65m，让轮椅老人双腿刚好放入种植池底部空间；为了让坐轮椅的老人同时在种植池两侧展开园艺活动，促进老年人的交流,设计团队特意加宽了种植池的宽度。
It encourages the interaction between the elderly and plants. The plant beds are carefully designed to allow all the elderly to get close to nature.
The research on the size of the plant beds provides chances for the elderly in wheelchairs to practice gardening. A 0.65m distance between the ground to the plant bed is left for putting legs, and the beds are wide enough for communicating while gardening.
▼双层花池可鼓励坐轮椅的老人起身锻炼身体 Double-level flower beds encourage the elderly in the wheelchairs to stand and exercise themselves
引导老人在园艺活动中锻炼身体，亦是园艺疗养的重要内容。场地中设置的立体种植池，多层次的种植台设计，期望能激发坐轮椅的老人活动的能力。研究数据得出，老年人手臂水平抬高的高度约为1.20~1.40m（男性老年人约为1.40m,女性老年人约为1.28m）。双层花池高度为1.20m，有意鼓励坐轮椅的老人站起观看或抬手触摸，达到锻炼肢体的目的。
Encouraging the elderly to do exercise while gardening is also an important part of gardening therapy. The multi-level planting platforms are designed with the hope to encourage the elderly in wheelchairs to do more exercises. According to research, the arms of the elderly can be raised up from 1.2m to 1.4m, so the double-level flower beds are 1.2m high, which will encourage the elderly in wheelchairs to stand up to reach the plants and exercise their themselves at the same time.
灌溉水景既为点景，也提供了水源供老人们与自然互动。老人们可在此松土，修剪黄叶子，浇水，对话，过程中得以锻炼肢体力量，愉悦身心。
The irrigation water serves as a landscape and provides a chance for the elderly to close to nature. They can loosen the soil, trim the dead leaves, irrigate the plants, chat with each other and do exercise at the same time.
▼设置灌溉水景使老人在灌溉中锻炼肢体 The irrigation waterscape allows the elderly to do exercise when irrigating
设置收纳空间，以供长者摆放园艺工具和随身物品。
The spaces are designed for the elderly to store gardening tools or their private items
▼花池的最下层是收纳柜 Storage spaces are provided at the bottom of the flower beds
促进老人与他人的互动交流，让老人的社会认同感、归属感得以提升，是康复花园的重要作用。因此，设计团队在屋顶花园专门设置了供老人日常交流的空间。
交流休闲模块主要为老年人提供户外观景、交谈的场所，在好友、家属探访时，提供一个环境优美、安静舒适的交流空间。座椅采用三角形方式摆设，避免了视线的直接相撞，提高交谈的舒适度，又可看到其他区域的景观。
The garden plays an important role in encouraging communications which will bring the elderly with the sense of belonging and social identity. Therefore, a special space is created in the roof garden for daily communication.
The quiet and beautiful space is ideal for enjoy views, chatting and communicating. The stools are set in triangle to avoid uncomfortable eye contact and provide more views.
▼交流休闲 Communication and Recreation
老年人的肢体力量与平衡能力衰弱，需要提供更多的安全保障措施，避免活动过程的磕碰。因此，在康复花园的设计中，无障碍设施及各类无障碍的细节设计为必需遵循的设计准则，无台阶、双层扶手等设计提供安全保障。
Because the elderly are usually weak in strength and balance, more facilities and measures are needed to ensure their safety. Therefore, in the design of the rehabilitation garden, barrier-free facilities and details are essential. Step-free and double-handrail design ensures safety.
▼无障碍体系设计 Barrier-free System
考虑到无障碍通行，屋顶花园采用全场地无台阶设计，保证老人使用的便利与通畅。
根据《无障碍设计规范》，坡道宽度≥1.80m时，能保证两辆轮椅正面相对同行。结合实践经验，康复花园所有通道宽度均≥2.40m，给轮椅自由通行的安全尺度。
To ensure barrier-free access, the roof garden is designed without any step, which will allow the elderly to walk or pass freely.
According to the “Codes for Accessibility Design”, when the width of the ramp is equal to or over 1.8m, it will enable two wheelchairs from opposite directions to pass at one time. Therefore, all the ramps of the rehabilitation garden are equal to or over 2.4m wide, which ensure the safe passage of the wheelchairs.
从路面与跑道的宽度、扶手设计、地面防滑材料的运用到场地倒圆角的处理与小品的固定，设计者从设计原则、整体布局到精细化细节设计为老年人的活动保驾护航。
采用全场地双层扶手设计，上层扶手高度为0.90m，适用站立的长者；下层扶手高度为0.75m，照顾到了坐轮椅的长者。
From the width of the paths, the design of the handrails and the application of anti-slip materials to the treatment of the details, the designers have tried their best to ensure the safety and comfort of the elderly.
Double-level handrails, which are 0.9m and 0.75m high, will be favorable to both walkers and those who sit in wheelchairs.
通过老人对自然地感知，以自然疗育老人身心，从视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉、触觉给老人刺激，用看、听、嗅、尝、触去感受自然，使置身屋顶花园的老人人身心得到舒缓，从而达到疗养的目的。
The roof garden allows the elderly to experience nature by seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting and feeling, healing them both physically and mentally.
▼五感疗法体系 Five-sense Therapy System
过去的美好记忆以及对过去的生活片段的重新体验能有效帮助老人了解自我，减轻失落感，增加自尊及增进社会化，是一种“怀旧治疗”方法。采用缆车、高楼、途中小站的各项记忆元素，增强老人的归属感。
Reminding the elderly of their beautiful old memories will help them better understand themselves and avoid the sense of loss. This nostalgic therapy will also boost their self-esteem and make them more socialized. In the garden, wall paintings with memorable cable cars, tall buildings and small stations will bring back old memories and enhance the sense of belonging.
▼人文关怀体系 Human-caring System
▼原有建筑外立面增加缆车墙绘 Wall paintings with cable cars
▼设置公车站牌营造等车的氛围 Old bus stop and sign
设计团队期望，“适老环境需要社会的各个阶层、各界人士来共同关注与参与，我们设计师能做的不仅是空间设计，还应该提供相应的空间来引导社会各界共同为老年人营造友好的养老环境。”
As the design team expects, the construction of the elderly friendly environment needs attention and participation of all walks of life. What we designers need to do is not only space design but also to draw joint efforts to build a friendly environment for the elderly.
委托单位：重庆龙湖恒卓地产发展有限公司
项目类型：城镇更新
项目面积：890㎡
设计内容：景观方案及施工图设计
设计时间：2017年11月
景观设计：GVL怡境国际设计集团+张玲博士
Developer: Chongqing Longfor Hengzhuo Property Development Co.,Ltd.
Category: Urban Renovation
Area: 890m2
Design Scope: landscape concept design and construction drawing design
Time of Design: November, 2017
Landscape Design: GVL+Dr.Zhang Ling
更多 Read more about：GVL
感觉细节考虑很到位的设计，希望投入使用时也能收到预期效果！发现一个小细节，人文关怀体系对应照片里的无障碍坡道那里最好不要摆放盆栽植物，会有点影响通行。