The Slope Repair and Reinforcement Project on Both Sides of the Hundred Steps at South China University of Technology (Wushan Campus) by SCUTAD

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华南理工大学建筑设计研究院：华南理工大学五山校区百步梯建成于1936年，位于半山西路中段，是由岭南近现代著名建筑师杨锡宗先生设计。兴建百步梯的初衷是为引导莘莘学子努力学习，脚踏实地，勇于攀登。整体环境有着苍劲古朴的气质，从地形上来看，颇有中国古代入山修炼的格局。百步梯伴随着学校走过了沧桑岁月，也见证着一代又一代华南理工人翻越一座又一座科学的高峰，如今已成为华工人奋进拼搏精神的象征。

SCUTAD：The Hundred Steps at South China University of Technology’s Wushan Campus were constructed in 1936, situated in the middle of Banshanxi Road. The design of this historic landmark is attributed to the renowned modern architect, Mr. Yang Xizong, known for his contributions to Lingnan architecture. The primary intent behind building the Hundred Steps was to inspire students to pursue diligent studies, stay grounded, and be courageous in their journey. The overall environment exudes a robust and unadorned ambiance, bearing resemblance to the traditional Chinese mountain practice terraces. Over the years, the Hundred Steps have stood witness to the university’s trials and triumphs, marking the journey of South China University of Technology students as they scaled the peaks of knowledge. Today, it serves as an emblem of the university’s spirit of determination and advancement.

▽整体鸟瞰，Aerial View of the Site

▽项目概览，Overall of the Project

历经86年风雨洗礼，百步梯两旁的山表植被已失去固土护坡的基本功能，边坡开始变形失稳、土体裸露，水土流失日益严重，近年多次出现滑坡现象，并已威胁坡顶22号楼建筑安全。为防止两侧山体边坡继续变形、崩塌危及周边建筑及环境安全，学校研究决定，于2019年开展边坡抢险加固工程筹备工作。

After enduring 86 years of weathering, the vegetation on both sides of the Hundred Steps at Wushan Campus has lost its ability to stabilize the soil and prevent erosion. The slopes have started to deform and become unstable, leading to soil exposure and increasing soil erosion. In recent years, landslides have occurred multiple times, posing a threat to the safety of Building 22 at the pinnacle of the slope. To prevent further deformation and collapse of the slopes and ensure the security of the surrounding structures and environment, the university initiated preparations for slope reinforcement and emergency work in 2019.

▽百步梯历史照片，Historical Photos of the Hundred Steps

▽百步梯两侧山体滑坡险情，Perilous Situation of Landslides on Both Sides of the Hundred Steps

石梯砺步，长阶新绿。

Stone Steps Forge the Path, Long Stairs in New Greenery:

设计理念 Design Concept

百步梯两侧边坡加固工程及景观修复设计是以“消危御险”为基本原则，以“缝合自然，生态修复”为景观理念。本方案尽量保持原百步梯历史层积形成的环境空间气质，坚持“修旧如旧”，保护场所历史痕迹，延续郁郁葱葱的原有绿化环境。

The slope reinforcement and landscape restoration project on both sides of the Hundred Steps is guided by the principles of “eliminating dangers and preventing risks” as its foundational concept, and “seamlessly integrating with nature and restoring the ecology” as its landscape vision. This plan is dedicated to preserving the environmental space and temperament formed by the historical accretion of the Hundred Steps. It adheres to the principle of “repairing and preserving the old” to safeguard the historical traces of the site while continuing to nurture the lush, original green environment.

▽百步梯路灯基座历史文物，Historical relic of the Hundred Steps’ street lamp base

▽百步梯俯视，Top view of the Hundred Steps

梁的支护体系与立体绿化的材料技术相结合。推敲过程中充分利用原土坡的坡面走势，实现分级放坡的造型需求。百步梯顶部南侧紧临22号楼，支护施工可能对原有建筑产生扰动，为此设计师多次现场勘察，小心计算求证，最终得出一套既能保证周边建筑安全又能实现设计意图的方案。

The support system of the beams is combined with the material technology of three-dimensional greening. Through meticulous planning, it fully leverages the natural terrain’s contour to achieve the required stepped disposition. Due to the proximity of Building 22 to the southern side of the top of the Hundred Steps, the support construction could potentially disturb the existing structures. As a result, the design team conducted multiple on-site surveys, detailed calculations, and developed a comprehensive solution that ensures both the safety of surrounding buildings and the realization of the design’s intent.

关键技术策略 Key Technological Strategies

为实现在护坡结构上覆绿，并且在大倾角的边坡上种植大树，以形成树冠绿廊，设计团队经过多轮次的研究，制定出以下的技术策略和景观方案：

在护坡结构方面，首先将坡面划分出多个3mX3m的边坡支护单元，在此单元尺度内，可根据坡面造型需要和填挖方平衡来调整格构梁的长度，然后创造出有别于常规锚杆护坡的三维立体格构梁模型。

To attain green coverage on the slope structure and plant mature trees on steep slopes to form a canopy of trees, the design team conducted in-depth research and developed the following technical strategies and landscape plans:

The slope surface is divided into multiple 3m x 3m slope support units within the scope of slope protection structures. The length of the grid beams can be adjusted based on the slope’s requirements and the balance between filling and excavation within this unit scale. Subsequently, a three-dimensional grid beam model was created, distinct from the conventional anchor rod retaining system.

▽设计思路 Design Idea

▽三维立体格构梁完成效果 Three-dimensional lattice beam finished effect

然后，着重构建稳定的人工支护结构与立体绿化的共生关系，采用新材料、新技术——固化基质营养种植土。这是一种可以缓慢降解固化成型的模块化种植土壤，其特点轻质化、施工高效，能很好地贴服三维多变的格构梁种植腔。通过固化土与格构梁固定后，相互形成贴合的坡面种植区域，将植被杯苗安装在土壤的孔洞中，根系直接与边坡土壤直接接触，起固土护坡的作用。

A harmonious coexistence between artificial support structures and three-dimensional greening was established using innovative materials and technologies like solidified matrix nutrient planting soil. This is a modular planting soil that gradually degrades and solidifies. It is characterized by its lightweight properties and high construction efficiency, fitting well within the 3D and intricate grid beam planting cavities. After the solidified soil and grid beams are secured, they form a closely fitting planting area on the slope surface. Vegetation seedlings are planted in the soil cavities, with their roots directly contacting the slope’s soil to enhance soil stabilization.

▽固化基质养分种植土示意图，Diagrammatic Drawing of Solidified Matrix Nutrient Planting Soil

平缓的过渡段，使得乔木能有较稳定已操作的种植带。种植时对树穴土壤进行疏水透气改造，使18棵特选全冠香樟能更快地恢复稳固。

A gentle transition zone facilitates the planting of selected trees, enabling them to have a stable and workable planting zone. During planting, the soil in the tree holes is improved for hydrophobicity and air permeability, enabling 18 selected sweet osmanthus trees to recover quickly.

▽百步梯剖面图，Section of the Hundred Steps

以上两个工程设计，为护坡覆绿和种植创造了条件，使百步梯工程边坡改造既保证安全又能达到预期的空间效果。

These two engineering designs create the conditions for both slope protection and planting, ensuring that the transformation of the Hundred Steps’ slopes not only guarantees safety but also achieves the desired spatial effect.

▽修缮设计后，百步梯与山坡自然衔接，环境绿意盈盈，成为热门打卡地。After the renovation, the Hundred Steps connect seamlessly with the hillside, surrounded by flourishing greenery, making it a popular attraction.

在排水设计方面，在边坡的顶部和底部均设有截水沟，此乃避免雨水冲刷的十分重要防线。绿化灌溉采用智能监控灌溉系统，使绿化土壤保持合适的湿度和营养，促进前期快速生根固土。

In terms of drainage design, water interception ditches are positioned at the top and bottom of the slopes to prevent rainwater erosion. An intelligent monitoring irrigation system is utilized for greening irrigation, ensuring that the planting soil maintains the appropriate moisture levels and nutrient content, promoting rapid root establishment and soil stability.

▽夜景灯光，Night Lighting

夜景灯光，设计考虑了平日和节庆两种照明模式，在百步梯平段布置了5对庭院灯，既能保证基本的照明功能，也能满足节约用电的要求；在梯段两侧，增设洗墙灯，照亮两侧边坡和绿化，强化百步梯的通廊空间感，并满足节庆时营造夜景氛围的需要。

For night lighting, the design accommodates both daily and festival lighting modes. Five pairs of courtyard lights are installed on the flat section of the Hundred Steps to provide basic illumination and fulfill energy-saving requirements. Additionally, wall wash lights are added on both sides of the stairs to illuminate the slopes and greenery, enhancing the spatial sensation of the passageway, and meeting the demand for creating a festive nighttime atmosphere.

▽百步梯鸟瞰，Aerial View of the Hundred Steps

▽淡雅明快的灯光设计为攀登者照亮前路，Light and bright lighting design to illuminate the path for climbers

设计图纸 Design Drawings

▽百步梯格构梁平面图 Plan of the Hundred Steps’ Beams

▽百步梯格构梁定位平面图 Location Plan of the Hundred Steps’ Beams

▽百步梯格构梁立面图 Elevations of the Hundred Steps’ Beams

项目名称：华南理工大学（五山校区）百步梯两侧边坡修缮加固工程
项目类型：景观
项目位置：中国广东省广州市天河区
设计方：华南理工大学建筑设计研究院有限公司，环境艺术设计一所
公司网站：http://www.scutad.com.cn/
联系邮箱：306082457@qq.com
项目设计：2020-2021年
完成年份：2022年10月
用地面积：1056㎡
设计主创：倪阳、晏忠、伍朝晖
景观：陈凌锋、林晓婷、陈奕心
结构：江毅、易伟文、何啸
给排水：陈欣燕、李宗泰
电气：俞洋、过仕佳、区锦聪
泛光照明：深圳市光艺规划设计有限公司
摄影版权：超越视觉
建设单位：华南理工大学

Project Name: The Slope Repair and Reinforcement Project on Both Sides of the Hundred Steps at South China University of Technology (Wushan Campus)
Project location: Tianhe District, Guangzhou
Project type: Landscape
Project location: Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
Design: First Institute of Environmental Art Design,Architectural Design & Research Institute of SCUT Co., Ltd.
Website: http://www.scutad.com.cn/
Contact e-mail: 306082457@qq.com
Design year: 2020-2021
Completion Year: 2022.10
Site area: 1056㎡
Leader Designer: Yang Ni, Zhong Yan, Zhaohui Wu
Landscape Design: Lingfeng Chen, Xiaoting Lin, Yixin Chen
Structural Engineering: Yi Jiang, Weiwen Yi, Xiao He
Water supply and Drainage Design: Xinyan Chen, Zongtai Li
Electrical Design: Yang Yu, Shijia Guo, Jincong Ou
Lighting Design: Shenzhen Guangyi Planning and Design Co., Ltd.
Photo credit: Beyond The Vision
Client: South China University of Technology